{"id":9763,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=9763"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:25:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:25:06","slug":"ntp-opisanie-i-realizaciya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/ntp-opisanie-i-realizaciya\/","title":{"rendered":"NTP: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>NTP (Network Time Protocol)<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043a UTC. \u041e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 UDP, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 123, \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438: \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u00bb, \u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0448\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: offset, delay, stratum<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u041a\u0430\u043a NTP \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443: 4 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 SNTP-\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430 Python<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">Stratum \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">NTPv4, SNTP, NTS \u0438 PTP: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 chrony \u0432 Linux<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 w32time \u0432 Windows<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c NTP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s11\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s12\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s13\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a NTP \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 Python), \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 stratum, \u0447\u0435\u043c NTPv4 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 SNTP \u0438 NTS, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c chrony \u0432 Linux \u0438 w32time \u0432 Windows \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c DDoS.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0444\u0443\u044e\u0442: \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0438:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kerberos \u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d Active Directory: \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 &#8212; 5 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442, \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442;<\/li>\n<li>TLS: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442 \u00ab\u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u00bb \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u00bb, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0443\u0448\u043b\u0438;<\/li>\n<li>\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430: \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438;<\/li>\n<li>\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: offset, delay, stratum<\/h2>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>offset (\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435)<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/td>\n<td>+2.5 s: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430 2,5 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>delay (\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430)<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/td>\n<td>40 ms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>stratum (\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c)<\/td>\n<td>\u00ab\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<td>1 &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441 GPS-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, 2 &#8212; \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>jitter (\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441)<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f offset<\/td>\n<td>0.3 ms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u041a\u0430\u043a NTP \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443: 4 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443, \u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>T1<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 (\u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430);<\/li>\n<li><strong>T2<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 (\u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430);<\/li>\n<li><strong>T3<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 (\u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430);<\/li>\n<li><strong>T4<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 (\u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0418\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>offset = ((T2 &#8212; T1) + (T3 &#8212; T4)) \/ 2<\/li>\n<li>delay = (T4 &#8212; T1) &#8212; (T3 &#8212; T2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430 2,5 \u0441, \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443 &#8212; 20 \u043c\u0441, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 1 \u043c\u0441. T1 = 10.000, T2 = 12.520, T3 = 12.521, T4 = 10.041. \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 offset = (2.520 + 2.480) \/ 2 = 2.5 \u0441, delay = 0.041 &#8212; 0.001 = 0.040 \u0441. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438: \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 30 \u043c\u0441, \u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 10 \u043c\u0441 (T2 = 12.530, T3 = 12.531), offset \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f 2.51 \u0441 &#8212; \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438, (30 &#8212; 10) \/ 2 = 10 \u043c\u0441. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 NTP \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e delay \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 SNTP-\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430 Python<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 localhost \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u00ab\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u00bb \u0441 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430 2,5 \u0441, \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u043c\u0443 48-\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 NTPv4 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 offset \u0438 delay \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430\u043c. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 root \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 123.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">struct<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">threading<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">NTP_DELTA<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2208988800<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 1900-01-01 \u0438 1970-01-01<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SERVER_SKEW<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2.5<\/span>       <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430 2,5 \u0441<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">to_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"\"Unix-\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f (float) -&gt; 64-\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 NTP: \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b + \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f.\"\"\"<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sec<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">NTP_DELTA<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">frac<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">**<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">32<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sec<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">frac<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">from_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sec<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">frac<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sec<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">NTP_DELTA<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">frac<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">**<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">32<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">server<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sock<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">addr<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sock<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">recvfrom<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">48<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t2<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SERVER_SKEW<\/span>              <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># T2: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1_sec<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1_frac<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">struct<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">unpack<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"!II\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">40<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">48<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">])<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t3<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SERVER_SKEW<\/span>              <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># T3: \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">struct<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pack<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"!BBbb11I\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">|<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">|<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># LI=0, VN=4, Mode=4 (server)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>                <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># stratum, poll, precision<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>                  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># root delay, root dispersion, refid<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">),<\/span>              <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># reference timestamp<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1_sec<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1_frac<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>          <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># origin = T1 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">),<\/span>              <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># receive = T2<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">),<\/span>              <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># transmit = T3<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sock<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sendto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">addr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">srv<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">AF_INET<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SOCK_DGRAM<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">srv<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">bind<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"127.0.0.1\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e 123: \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d root<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">threading<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">target<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">server<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">srv<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,),<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">daemon<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">True<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cli<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">AF_INET<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SOCK_DGRAM<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cli<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">settimeout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">request<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">struct<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pack<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"!B39x\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">|<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">|<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># Mode=3 (client)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1_ntp<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">request<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">struct<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pack<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"!II\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># transmit = T1<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cli<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sendto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">request<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">srv<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">getsockname<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">())<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">_<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cli<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">recvfrom<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">48<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t4<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">time<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">len<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">48<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">raise<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">struct<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">unpack<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"!BBbb11I\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li_vn_mode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">stratum<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">],<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">]<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li_vn_mode<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">7<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">or<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">stratum<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">or<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li_vn_mode<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;&gt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, Kiss-o'-Death (stratum 0) \u0438\u043b\u0438 LI=3: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">raise<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">tuple<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">11<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">])<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># origin \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c T1<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">raise<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0447\u0443\u0436\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t2<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">from_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">11<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">],<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">12<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">])<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t3<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">from_ntp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">13<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">],<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fields<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">14<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">])<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">offset<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t2<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t3<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">delay<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t4<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t3<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"version={<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li_vn_mode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">} mode={<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li_vn_mode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">} stratum={<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">stratum<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"offset = {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">offset<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">:+.3f} s\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"delay  = {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">delay<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1000<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">:.3f} ms\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 Python 3.14 (delay \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430 localhost):<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">version=4 mode=4 stratum=2\noffset = +2.500 s\ndelay  = 0.054 ms\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f: LI (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438), VN (\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f, 4) \u0438 Mode (3 &#8212; \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442, 4 &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440);<\/li>\n<li>\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 &#8212; 64 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430: 32 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0441 1 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1900 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 32 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b;<\/li>\n<li>\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c, stratum 0 (Kiss-o&#8217;-Death &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443) \u0438\u043b\u0438 LI=3 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442;<\/li>\n<li>\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 T1 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 origin, \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u00ab\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043f\u044b\u0435\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439: \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 origin. \u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 NTS (\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e SNTP-\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e, \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 offset.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0443 1900 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/h3>\n<p>\u0421\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0435 NTP \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 1900 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0430 Unix-\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f &#8212; \u043e\u0442 1970. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a Unix-\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">datetime<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">datetime<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">timezone<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ntp_seconds<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4_000_000_000<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 NTP<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">wrong<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">datetime<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fromtimestamp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ntp_seconds<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">timezone<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">utc<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">right<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">datetime<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fromtimestamp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ntp_seconds<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2208988800<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">timezone<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">utc<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043a\u0430\u043a Unix-\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f:\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">wrong<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439   :\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">right<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u043a\u0430\u043a Unix-\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f: 2096-10-02 07:06:40+00:00\n\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439   : 2026-10-03 07:06:40+00:00\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 &#8212; 2208988800 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c 70 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c 17 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0443 2208988800. \u041e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0435 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 2036 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00bb: 32-\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 NTP \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435 2036-\u0433\u043e, \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u044d\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">Stratum \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Stratum 0<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b: GPS\/\u0413\u041b\u041e\u041d\u0410\u0421\u0421-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b. \u0412 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 NTP \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stratum 1<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stratum 2, 3&#8230;<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435; \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c &#8212; 15.<\/strong> \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 16 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u00bb. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 16 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u00ab256 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439\u00bb \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445 &#8212; \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Stratum &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 stratum 2 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c stratum 1 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0435 delay.<\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 NTP \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 (\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0437\u0443\u043b\u043b\u043e): \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044b [offset &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, offset + \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c] \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">NTPv4, SNTP, NTS \u0438 PTP: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>NTPv4 (RFC 5905)<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b: \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SNTP<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b; \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, systemd-timesyncd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NTS (RFC 8915)<\/td>\n<td>Network Time Security: \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e TLS (TCP 4460), \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 NTP-\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 NTS \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PTP (IEEE 1588)<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0441 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435: \u0431\u0438\u0440\u0436\u0438, \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c NTP \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442 &#8212; \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434, \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 &#8212; \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u044f: \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 chrony \u0432 Linux<\/h2>\n<p><strong>chrony<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 NTP-\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0432 RHEL-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445; \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 ntpd \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ntp<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 (\u0433\u0434\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 ntpsec). \u041f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 &#8212; \u0434\u043b\u044f Debian\/Ubuntu (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/etc\/chrony\/chrony.conf<\/code>); \u0432 RHEL\/Fedora \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/etc\/chrony.conf<\/code>, \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">chronyd<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 Ubuntu \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 25.10 chrony \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 (\u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 25.04 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f systemd-timesyncd). \u0428\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/etc\/chrony\/sources.d\/ubuntu-ntp-pools.sources<\/code> \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 NTS, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 UDP 123 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 TCP 4460. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442, chrony \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">sudo<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>apt<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>install<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>chrony\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">CONF<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span>\/etc\/chrony\/chrony.conf\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BACKUP<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$CONF<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">.bak-<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">$(<\/span>date<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>+%F-%H%M%S<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">test<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>!<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-e<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$BACKUP<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>sudo<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>cp<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-p<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$CONF<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$BACKUP<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f: <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$BACKUP<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \/etc\/chrony\/chrony.conf (\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442)<\/span>\npool<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>ru.pool.ntp.org<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>iburst<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>maxsources<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span>\ndriftfile<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>\/var\/lib\/chrony\/chrony.drift\nmakestep<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span>.0<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span>\nrtcsync<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pool<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 DNS-\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">iburst<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b;<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">driftfile<\/code> \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f;<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">makestep 1.0 3<\/code> \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u044b\u0436\u043e\u043a\u00bb \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 1 \u0441, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445; \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434;<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rtcsync<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">sudo<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>systemctl<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>restart<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>chrony\nchronyc<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>sources<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-v\nchronyc<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>tracking<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">chronyc sources<\/code> \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">^*<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">^+<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">^-<\/code> &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">^?<\/code> &#8212; \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0412 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">tracking<\/code> \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">System time<\/code> (\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435) \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Leap status<\/code> (\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Normal<\/code>). \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sudo cp -p \"$BACKUP\" \"$CONF\"<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">restart<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">chronyc tracking<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/h3>\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e chrony \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">allow<\/code> \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 (\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 - \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440)<\/span>\nallow<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">192<\/span>.168.10.0\/24\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0438\u0445 stratum 10<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">local<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>stratum<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">local stratum 10<\/code> &#8212; \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">server 127.127.1.0<\/code> \u0438\u0437 ntpd: \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u043e\u043d \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 w32time \u0432 Windows<\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 Active Directory \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e: \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044e PDC-\u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0430. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 cmd \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430):<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">w32tm<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">config<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">manualpeerlist<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"0.ru.pool.ntp.org,0x8 1.ru.pool.ntp.org,0x8\"<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">syncfromflags<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">manual<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">update<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">w32tm<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">resync<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">w32tm<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">query<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">status<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">w32tm<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">query<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">peers<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0424\u043b\u0430\u0433 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0x8<\/code> &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/query \/status<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a, stratum \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/resync<\/code> \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 UDP 123 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c NTP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Amplification.<\/strong> \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 ntpd \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">monlist<\/code> \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b, \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 NTP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c (CVE-2013-5211). \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d; \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044f\u043c (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">allow<\/code> \u0432 chrony);<\/li>\n<li>\u0432 ntpd &#8212; \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">restrict default kod limited nomodify notrap nopeer noquery<\/code>, \u0433\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">noquery<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">limited<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kod<\/code> \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b;<\/li>\n<li>\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c UDP 123 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/strong> \u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 NTP \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440: \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u00ab\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442. \u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 &#8212; NTS \u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">server &lt;\u0438\u043c\u044f&gt; iburst nts<\/code> \u0432 chrony 4.x), \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">makestep<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439: \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c UDP-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">chronyc sources<\/code> \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">^?<\/code><\/strong> &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 UDP 123 (\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f NTS-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 Ubuntu 25.10+, \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0438 TCP 4460) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f DNS \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">chronyc -N authdata<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f NTS \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">getent hosts ru.pool.ntp.org<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">makestep<\/code>, \u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0430\u043d; \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sudo chronyc makestep<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0414\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 systemd-timesyncd \u0438 chrony; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">timedatectl status<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u044b<\/strong> &#8212; \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f; \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s11\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>NTP \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 offset \u0438 delay \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438; \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0445.<\/li>\n<li>Stratum &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430 (1-15, 16 = \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d), \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>SNTP &#8212; \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430, NTS \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, PTP \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412 Linux \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 &#8212; chrony (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pool ... iburst<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">makestep<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">allow<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439), \u0432 Windows &#8212; w32tm, \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 AD &#8212; \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 PDC-\u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 NTP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 &#8212; \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a amplification-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a; \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 UDP 123.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s12\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 &#8212; \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0441 DNS \u0438 DHCP: \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b, UDP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/setevoy-inzhener-basic\/?int_article=ntp-opisanie-i-realizaciya&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u00ab\u0421\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb<\/a>. \u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=ntp-opisanie-i-realizaciya&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s13\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 NTP?<\/strong><br \/>\nUDP 123 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438. NTS \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 TCP 4460 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c NTP \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">date<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f?<\/strong><br \/>\n<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">date<\/code> \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443. NTP-\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 LI \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b \u00ab\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u00bb \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438 (\u0443 Google &#8212; \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044f UTC) &#8212; \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0442.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NTP (Network Time Protocol) &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b \u043a UTC. \u041e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 UDP, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 123, \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438: \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u00bb, \u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0448\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":9764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[499,500,181],"class_list":["post-9763","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-ntp","tag-protokoly","tag-seti"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b NTP \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438: 4 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, offset \u0438 delay, stratum, UDP 123, NTPv4, SNTP \u0438 NTS, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 chrony \u0438 w32time, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0442 amplification.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. 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