{"id":6775,"date":"2026-09-23T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6775"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:34:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:34:03","slug":"the-python-osnovy-raboty-s-fajlami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/the-python-osnovy-raboty-s-fajlami\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 Python: open, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u044b, with \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 Python<\/strong> \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">open()<\/code>: \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code>. \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pathlib<\/code>. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 Python 3.14.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u044b open(): \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u041a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430: \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 encoding \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: read, readline, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c: write, writelines, print(file=)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c with \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 close()<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">pathlib: \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">\u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s11\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s12\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s13\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s14\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Path<\/code>, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"notes.txt\"<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"data\/report.csv\"<\/code>);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/strong> &#8212; \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">open()<\/code>; \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read()<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">write()<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">close()<\/code>;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c<\/strong> &#8212; \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u043c: \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e (UTF-8, cp1251). \u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/h2>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"notes.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"w\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"notes.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"r\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">number<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">line<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">in<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">enumerate<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">number<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">line<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">rstrip<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">closed<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">1 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\n2 \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\nTrue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">notes.txt<\/code> \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"w\"<\/code>: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u043e\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c &#8212; \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">for<\/code> \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rstrip(\"\\n\")<\/code>. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c<\/h2>\n<p>\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c<\/strong> (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">t<\/code>): Python \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">str<\/code> \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code>;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c<\/strong> (\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">b<\/code>): \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bytes<\/code> \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, PDF.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0426\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435: \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u041f\u00bb &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">str<\/code> \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435, \u0432 UTF-8 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">D0 9F<\/code>, \u0430 \u0432 cp1251 &#8212; \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">CF<\/code>. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u044b open(): \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c<\/th>\n<th>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/th>\n<th>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \/ \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">r<\/code> (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">FileNotFoundError<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">w<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td><strong>\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446<\/td>\n<td>\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">x<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">FileExistsError<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">r+<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">FileNotFoundError<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">w+<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td><strong>\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041a \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">b<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rb<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">wb<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ab<\/code>. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"w\"<\/code>, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c: \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438, \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">write()<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"a\"<\/code>, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"x\"<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"notes.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"x\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443?\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">FileExistsError: [Errno 17] File exists: &#x27;notes.txt&#x27;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u041a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430: \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 encoding \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encoding<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d, Python \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0412 Linux \u0438 macOS \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e UTF-8, \u0432 Windows \u0441 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044e &#8212; \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e cp1251. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encoding<\/code> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e &#8212; \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0432 cp1251, \u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a UTF-8:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"cp.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"w\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"cp1251\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"cp.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">())<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">UnicodeDecodeError: &#x27;utf-8&#x27; codec can&#x27;t decode byte 0xcf in position 0: invalid continuation byte\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0xcf<\/code> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u00ab\u041f\u00bb \u0432 cp1251. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d. \u0410 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430, \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044b\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rb<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"cp.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"cp1251\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">())<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"cp.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"rb\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">())<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\nb&#x27;\\xcf\\xf0\\xe8\\xe2\\xe5\\xf2&#x27;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encoding=\"utf-8\"<\/code> \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">open()<\/code> \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: read, readline, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">f.read()<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n<td>\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">f.read(n)<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">n<\/code> \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 (\u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">b<\/code> &#8212; \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432)<\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">f.readline()<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">for line in f<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">f.readlines()<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"notes.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">repr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">repr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">readline<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">repr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">readline<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">repr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">readline<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">repr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">seek<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">readlines<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">())<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">&#x27;\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430&#x27;\n&#x27;\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\\n&#x27;\n&#x27;\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\\n&#x27;\n&#x27;&#x27;\n&#x27;&#x27;\n[&#x27;\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\\n&#x27;, &#x27;\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\\n&#x27;]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read(5)<\/code> \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">readline()<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">''<\/code> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">f.seek(0)<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">for line in f<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">read_chunks<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">size<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">64<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1024<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"rb\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">while<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">chunk<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">size<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">yield<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">chunk<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">total<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">sum<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">len<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">in<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read_chunks<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"notes.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">size<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">8<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">total<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">52<\/code>: \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432 UTF-8 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e 2 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0443).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c: write, writelines, print(file=)<\/h2>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"log.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"w\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">n<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">writelines<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">([<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"a\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"b\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">])<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">file<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"log.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"a\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"log.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(),<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">6\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\nab\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446\n\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">write()<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 (6: \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432 \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code>) \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">writelines()<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">b<\/code> \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u00ab\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446\u00bb. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">print(..., file=f)<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code> \u0441\u0430\u043c. \u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"a\"<\/code> \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c with \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 close()<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441 (\u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440), \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">close()<\/code> \u0441\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> &#8212; \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 &#8212; \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">close()<\/code> \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u0411\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">close()<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"notes.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">close<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">ValueError: I\/O operation on closed file.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">os.fsync()<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n<p>\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">open<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"missing.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: &#x27;missing.txt&#x27;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pathlib<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"data\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"missing.txt\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read_text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">except<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">FileNotFoundError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"\u041d\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">repr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u041d\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430: data\/missing.txt\n&#x27;&#x27;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">except<\/code>: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">FileNotFoundError<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">PermissionError<\/code> (\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IsADirectoryError<\/code> (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433). \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0438 &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">OSError<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">pathlib: \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/h2>\n<p>\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pathlib<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Path<\/code>, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/<\/code> \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u041e\u0421. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pathlib<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"report.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write_text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433: 42\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">exists<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(),<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">stat<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st_size<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">suffix<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read_text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">),<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">new<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">rename<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"report-2026.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"report.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">exists<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">())<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">True 13 .txt\n\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433: 42\nreport-2026.txt False\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 13 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442: \u00ab\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u00bb \u0432 UTF-8 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 8 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">: 42<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code>. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rename()<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430: \u043d\u0430 Windows <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rename()<\/code> \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u041e\u0421 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Path.replace()<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">os.replace()<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Path(\".\").glob(\"*.txt\")<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">\u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/h2>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"w\"<\/code>, \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b: \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">os.replace()<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0439:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">os<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">tempfile<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pathlib<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">save_atomic<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fd<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">tmp<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">tempfile<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">mkstemp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">dir<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">parent<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">prefix<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">suffix<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\".tmp\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">os<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fdopen<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fd<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"w\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">flush<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">os<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fsync<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">fileno<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">())<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">os<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">replace<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">tmp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">except<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BaseException<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">os<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">unlink<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">tmp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">raise<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">save_atomic<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"config.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"mode=prod\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"config.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">read_text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encoding<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">),<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">mode=prod<\/code>. \u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043e\u043a. \u0423\u0447\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">mkstemp()<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a &#8212; \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">..\/..\/etc\/passwd<\/code> \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430. \u0418\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pathlib<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BASE<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"uploads\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">resolve<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BASE<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">mkdir<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">exist_ok<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">True<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">safe_path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">target<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BASE<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">resolve<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">not<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">target<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">is_relative_to<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BASE<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">raise<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"\u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">target<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">safe_path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"a.txt\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">safe_path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"..\/..\/etc\/passwd\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">except<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">a.txt\n\u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430: ..\/..\/etc\/passwd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f: \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s11\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">FileNotFoundError<\/code>, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u00ab\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c\u00bb<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Path(__file__).parent \/ \"notes.txt\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">UnicodeDecodeError<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encoding<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rb<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"w\"<\/code> \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"a\"<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"r\"<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"a\"<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"x\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">write()<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">writelines()<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code> \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">print(..., file=f)<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read()<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">''<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">f.seek(0)<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">TypeError<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"wb\"<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"w\"<\/code> &#8212; \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">str<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bytes<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"s12\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">open(\u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c, encoding=...)<\/code> \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code>: \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0435.<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"w\"<\/code> \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"a\"<\/code> \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"x\"<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encoding<\/code> \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/li>\n<li>\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">for line in f<\/code>, \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 &#8212; \u043a\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read(size)<\/code>; \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pathlib<\/code>, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 &#8212; \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">os.replace()<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s13\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b &#8212; \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043d\u0430 Python: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 CSV \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u0435\u0448\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043a \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">open()<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">csv<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">json<\/code>, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u041e\u0421. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/python-basic\/?int_article=the-python-osnovy-raboty-s-fajlami&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">Python Developer. Basic<\/a>. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=the-python-osnovy-raboty-s-fajlami&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s14\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">close()<\/code>, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code>?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">close()<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">f.readlines()[-10:]<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">collections.deque(f, maxlen=10)<\/code>: \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 10 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">os.path<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pathlib<\/code>?<\/strong><br \/>\n<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">os.path<\/code> \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pathlib<\/code> &#8212; \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Path<\/code> \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pathlib<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">r+<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438, \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">seek()<\/code>. \u0412 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 Python \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 open(): \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 with. \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6794,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[27],"class_list":["post-6775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-python"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 Python: \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f open, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u044b r\/w\/a\/x\/b, with, encoding, \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, pathlib \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a FileNotFoundError.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. 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