{"id":6552,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6552"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:26:56","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:26:56","slug":"eval-v-programmirovanii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/eval-v-programmirovanii\/","title":{"rendered":"Eval \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eval<\/strong> (\u043e\u0442 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b. evaluate — \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c) — \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \"2 + 3 * 4\"<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f eval — \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442, \u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 14. Eval \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 JavaScript, Python, PHP, Ruby \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0422\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Eval \u0432 JavaScript<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Eval \u0432 Python<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 eval \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d: \u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432 production<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. Eval \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e eval: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 — \u043a\u0430\u043a eval \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 JavaScript \u0438 Python, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 Node.js 24.21 \u0438 Python 3.14.7 (\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2026).<\/p>\n

    \u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u00abevals\u00bb \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438: \u0442\u0430\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 evaluation, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041a \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 eval \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n

    \u0422\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e<\/th>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u0412\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (expression)<\/td>\n\u041a\u043e\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n2 + 3<\/code>, x * 2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f (statement)<\/td>\n\u041a\u043e\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435<\/td>\ny = 1<\/code>, for<\/code>, import<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 (parsing)<\/td>\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\nJSON.parse<\/code>, json.loads<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u0412 Python eval<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c exec<\/code>. \u0412 JavaScript eval<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434. \u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435: \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442.<\/p>\n

    Eval \u0432 JavaScript<\/h2>\n

    \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c — \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438:<\/p>\n

    console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"2 + 3 * 4\"<\/span>));<\/span>\n\nfunction<\/span> <\/span>direct<\/span>() {<\/span>\n  <\/span>const<\/span> <\/span>secret<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>42<\/span>;<\/span>\n  <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"secret\"<\/span>);        <\/span>\/\/ \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432: \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/span>\n}<\/span>\nfunction<\/span> <\/span>indirect<\/span>() {<\/span>\n  <\/span>const<\/span> <\/span>secret<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>42<\/span>;<\/span>\n  <\/span>const<\/span> <\/span>geval<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>eval<\/span>;<\/span>\n  <\/span>try<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>geval<\/span>(<\/span>\"secret\"<\/span>);     <\/span>\/\/ \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432: \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span>\n  } <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\": \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>;<\/span>\n  }<\/span>\n}<\/span>\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>direct<\/span>());<\/span>\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>indirect<\/span>());<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    14\n42\nReferenceError: secret is not defined\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 eval<\/strong> (\u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 eval(...)<\/code>) \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 eval<\/strong> (\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 const geval = eval<\/code>) \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e eval \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n
    \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 — \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \"use strict\"<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 eval(\"var inside = 1\")<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438, \u0438 typeof inside<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 number<\/code>. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0443 eval \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 undefined<\/code>. \u0412 ES-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n
    Eval \u0432 Python<\/h2>\n
    x<\/span> =<\/span> 10<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"2 + 3 * 4\"<\/span>))<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"x * 2\"<\/span>))<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"x * 2\"<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span>\"x\"<\/span>:<\/span> 5<\/span>}))<\/span>\ntry<\/span>:<\/span>\n    eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"y = 1\"<\/span>)<\/span>\nexcept<\/span> SyntaxError<\/span> as<\/span> e<\/span>:<\/span>\n    print<\/span>(<\/span>type<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>__name__<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>msg<\/span>)<\/span>\nexec<\/span>(<\/span>\"y = 1\"<\/span>)<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>y<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    14\n20\n10\nSyntaxError invalid syntax\n1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0421\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430: eval(expression, globals=None, locals=None)<\/code>. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 (x = 10<\/code> -> 20). \u0421\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043c {\"x\": 5}<\/code> \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 __builtins__<\/code> \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442, Python \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 y = 1<\/code> — \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 eval<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 SyntaxError<\/code>, \u0430 exec<\/code> \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 eval \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d: \u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/h2>\n
    \u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 — \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0432 eval. \u041d\u0430 JavaScript (Node.js, CommonJS-\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442):<\/p>\n
    function<\/span> <\/span>calc<\/span>(<\/span>input<\/span>) {<\/span>\n  <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>input<\/span>);           <\/span>\/\/ \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f<\/span>\n}<\/span>\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>calc<\/span>(<\/span>\"2 + 2\"<\/span>));<\/span>\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>calc<\/span>(<\/span>\"process.version\"<\/span>));<\/span>\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>typeof<\/span> <\/span>calc<\/span>(<\/span>\"require('fs').readdirSync\"<\/span>));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    4\nv24.21.0\nfunction\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u00ab\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u00bb \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e Node.js \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0417\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u041e\u0421. \u0412 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 XSS: \u0447\u0443\u0436\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435.<\/p>\n
    \u0412 Python \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u0435:<\/p>\n
    expr<\/span> =<\/span> \"__import__('platform').python_version()\"<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>expr<\/span>))<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"().__class__.__base__.__subclasses__()[0]\"<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span>\"__builtins__\"<\/span>:<\/span> {}}))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    3.14.7\n<class 'type'>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 __builtins__<\/code> — \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430: \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u044b \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 — \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u0423\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 globals \u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n
    \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442 eval — \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0443\u0436\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u044b: \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 eval \u0432 JavaScript \u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e.<\/p>\n
    \u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b<\/h2>\n
    \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u043b eval. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430<\/th>\n\u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e eval<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c JSON<\/td>\nJSON.parse<\/code> (JS), json.loads<\/code> (Python)<\/td>\n\u041e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b Python (\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c, \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436)<\/td>\nast.literal_eval<\/code><\/td>\n\u041e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441 ValueError<\/code> (\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 — SyntaxError<\/code>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/td>\n\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 + \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439<\/td>\n\u041e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0412\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/td>\n\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0438\u043c\u044f -> \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/code><\/td>\n\u041d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f = \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: JSON.parse \u0438 ast.literal_eval<\/h3>\n
    const<\/span> <\/span>text<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'{\"name\": \"Otus\", \"tags\": [\"js\", \"python\"], \"active\": true}'<\/span>;<\/span>\nconst<\/span> <\/span>data<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>JSON<\/span>.<\/span>parse<\/span>(<\/span>text<\/span>);<\/span>\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>data<\/span>.<\/span>tags<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>]);<\/span>\n\ntry<\/span> {<\/span>\n  <\/span>JSON<\/span>.<\/span>parse<\/span>(<\/span>\"{name: 'Otus'}\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n} <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n  <\/span>console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\": \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>);<\/span>\n}<\/span>\ntry<\/span> {<\/span>\n  <\/span>JSON<\/span>.<\/span>parse<\/span>(<\/span>'process.exit(1)'<\/span>);<\/span>\n} <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n  <\/span>console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\": \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>);<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    python\nSyntaxError: Expected property name or '}' in JSON at position 1 (line 1 column 2)\nSyntaxError: Unexpected token 'p', "process.exit(1)" is not valid JSON\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    JSON.parse<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 JavaScript: \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b. \u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430, \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c — V8 \u0432 Node.js 24.<\/p>\n
    import<\/span> <\/span>ast<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>json<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>ast<\/span>.<\/span>literal_eval<\/span>(<\/span>\"{'a': 1, 'b': [2, 3], 'c': (True, None)}\"<\/span>))<\/span>\nfor<\/span> s<\/span> in<\/span> [<\/span>\"__import__('os').getcwd()\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"1 + 1\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"2 ** 10\"<\/span>]:<\/span>\n    try<\/span>:<\/span>\n        print<\/span>(<\/span>ast<\/span>.<\/span>literal_eval<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>))<\/span>\n    except<\/span> ValueError<\/span> as<\/span> e<\/span>:<\/span>\n        print<\/span>(<\/span>\"ValueError:\"<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span>\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>json<\/span>.<\/span>loads<\/span>(<\/span>'{\"a\": 1, \"b\": [2, 3], \"c\": null}'<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    {'a': 1, 'b': [2, 3], 'c': (True, None)}\nValueError: malformed node or string on line 1: Call(func=Attribute(value=Call(func=Name(...), args=[Constant(...)], keywords=[]), attr='getcwd', ctx=Load()), args=[], keywords=[])\nValueError: malformed node or string on line 1: BinOp(left=Constant(value=1, kind=None), op=Add(), right=Constant(value=1, kind=None))\nValueError: malformed node or string on line 1: BinOp(left=Constant(value=2, kind=None), op=Pow(), right=Constant(value=10, kind=None))\n{'a': 1, 'b': [2, 3], 'c': None}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    ast.literal_eval<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430, True<\/code>\/False<\/code>\/None<\/code>, \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0438, \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 1 + 1<\/code> \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u0423\u0447\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e ValueError<\/code> — \u043d\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430 \"(\"<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 SyntaxError<\/code>, \u0430 \"{[1]: 2}\"<\/code> — TypeError<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 (ValueError, SyntaxError, TypeError, MemoryError, RecursionError)<\/code>. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430: \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Python \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 JSON, \u0430 literal_eval<\/code> \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0435 Python.<\/p>\n
    \u041a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e eval<\/h3>\n
    \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430 JavaScript \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u00bb:<\/p>\n
    const<\/span> <\/span>OPS<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> {<\/span>\n  <\/span>\"+\"<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>a<\/span>, <\/span>b<\/span>) => <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>\"-\"<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>a<\/span>, <\/span>b<\/span>) => <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>\"*\"<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>a<\/span>, <\/span>b<\/span>) => <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>*<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>\"\/\"<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>a<\/span>, <\/span>b<\/span>) => {<\/span>\n    <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>b<\/span> <\/span>===<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>) <\/span>throw<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>RangeError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>\/<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>;<\/span>\n  },<\/span>\n};<\/span>\n\nfunction<\/span> <\/span>calc<\/span>(<\/span>input<\/span>) {<\/span>\n  <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>input<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span> <\/span>><\/span> <\/span>1000<\/span>) <\/span>throw<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>RangeError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n  <\/span>\/\/ \u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e: \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e<\/span>\n  <\/span>const<\/span> <\/span>m<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>\/^\\s*(-?\\d+(?:\\.\\d+)?)\\s*([+\\-*\/])\\s*(-?\\d+(?:\\.\\d+)?)\\s*$\/<\/span>.<\/span>exec<\/span>(<\/span>input<\/span>);<\/span>\n  <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>m<\/span>) <\/span>throw<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>SyntaxError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u00ab\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u00bb\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n  <\/span>const<\/span> [, <\/span>a<\/span>, <\/span>op<\/span>, <\/span>b<\/span>] <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>m<\/span>;<\/span>\n  <\/span>const<\/span> <\/span>result<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>OPS<\/span>[<\/span>op<\/span>](<\/span>Number<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>), <\/span>Number<\/span>(<\/span>b<\/span>));<\/span>\n  <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>Number<\/span>.<\/span>isFinite<\/span>(<\/span>result<\/span>)) <\/span>throw<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>RangeError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n  <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>result<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span>\n\nfor<\/span> (<\/span>const<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>of<\/span> [<\/span>\"2 + 3\"<\/span>, <\/span>\"7 \/ 2\"<\/span>, <\/span>\"-4 * 2.5\"<\/span>, <\/span>\"1 \/ 0\"<\/span>, <\/span>\"process.exit(1)\"<\/span>, <\/span>\"9\"<\/span>.<\/span>repeat<\/span>(<\/span>310<\/span>) <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\" * 1\"<\/span>]) {<\/span>\n  <\/span>try<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>`${<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>slice<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>, <\/span>16<\/span>)<\/span>} -> ${<\/span>calc<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>}`<\/span>);<\/span>\n  } <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n    <\/span>console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>`${<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>slice<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>, <\/span>16<\/span>)<\/span>} -> ${<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span>}: ${<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>}`<\/span>);<\/span>\n  }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    2 + 3 -> 5\n7 \/ 2 -> 3.5\n-4 * 2.5 -> -10\n1 \/ 0 -> RangeError: \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c\nprocess.exit(1) -> SyntaxError: \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u00ab\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u00bb\n9999999999999999 -> RangeError: \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u043c-\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 constructor<\/code>. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 Map<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 Object.hasOwn(OPS, op)<\/code>: \u0443 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n
    \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 Python \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e (AST) \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b:<\/p>\n
    import<\/span> <\/span>ast<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>math<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>operator<\/span>\n\n# \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u0443\u0437\u0435\u043b AST -> \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>\nBIN_OPS<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\n    ast<\/span>.<\/span>Add<\/span>:<\/span> operator<\/span>.<\/span>add<\/span>,<\/span>\n    ast<\/span>.<\/span>Sub<\/span>:<\/span> operator<\/span>.<\/span>sub<\/span>,<\/span>\n    ast<\/span>.<\/span>Mult<\/span>:<\/span> operator<\/span>.<\/span>mul<\/span>,<\/span>\n    ast<\/span>.<\/span>Div<\/span>:<\/span> operator<\/span>.<\/span>truediv<\/span>,<\/span>\n}<\/span>\nUNARY_OPS<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>ast<\/span>.<\/span>USub<\/span>:<\/span> operator<\/span>.<\/span>neg<\/span>,<\/span> ast<\/span>.<\/span>UAdd<\/span>:<\/span> operator<\/span>.<\/span>pos<\/span>}<\/span>\nMAX_LEN<\/span> =<\/span> 200<\/span>    # \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span>\nMAX_DEPTH<\/span> =<\/span> 50<\/span>   # \u0432\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/span>\n\n\ndef<\/span> <\/span>_eval<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>,<\/span> depth<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>):<\/span>\n    if<\/span> depth<\/span> ><\/span> MAX_DEPTH<\/span>:<\/span>\n        raise<\/span> ValueError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\"<\/span>)<\/span>\n    if<\/span> isinstance<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>,<\/span> ast<\/span>.<\/span>Constant<\/span>)<\/span> and<\/span> type<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>value<\/span>)<\/span> in<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span>,<\/span> float<\/span>):<\/span>\n        return<\/span> node<\/span>.<\/span>value<\/span>\n    if<\/span> isinstance<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>,<\/span> ast<\/span>.<\/span>BinOp<\/span>)<\/span> and<\/span> type<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>op<\/span>)<\/span> in<\/span> BIN_OPS<\/span>:<\/span>\n        left<\/span> =<\/span> _eval<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>left<\/span>,<\/span> depth<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>\n        right<\/span> =<\/span> _eval<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>right<\/span>,<\/span> depth<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>\n        return<\/span> BIN_OPS<\/span>[<\/span>type<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>op<\/span>)](<\/span>left<\/span>,<\/span> right<\/span>)<\/span>\n    if<\/span> isinstance<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>,<\/span> ast<\/span>.<\/span>UnaryOp<\/span>)<\/span> and<\/span> type<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>op<\/span>)<\/span> in<\/span> UNARY_OPS<\/span>:<\/span>\n        return<\/span> UNARY_OPS<\/span>[<\/span>type<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>op<\/span>)](<\/span>_eval<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>.<\/span>operand<\/span>,<\/span> depth<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>))<\/span>\n    bad<\/span> =<\/span> getattr<\/span>(<\/span>node<\/span>,<\/span> \"op\"<\/span>,<\/span> node<\/span>)<\/span>  # \u0434\u043b\u044f BinOp \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e<\/span>\n    raise<\/span> ValueError<\/span>(<\/span>f\"\u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442: {<\/span>type<\/span>(<\/span>bad<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>__name__<\/span>}\"<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\ndef<\/span> <\/span>safe_calc<\/span>(<\/span>expr<\/span>:<\/span> str<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> float<\/span>:<\/span>\n    if<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>expr<\/span>)<\/span> ><\/span> MAX_LEN<\/span>:<\/span>\n        raise<\/span> ValueError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\"<\/span>)<\/span>\n    try<\/span>:<\/span>\n        tree<\/span> =<\/span> ast<\/span>.<\/span>parse<\/span>(<\/span>expr<\/span>.<\/span>strip<\/span>(),<\/span> mode<\/span>=<\/span>\"eval\"<\/span>)<\/span>\n    except<\/span> (<\/span>SyntaxError<\/span>,<\/span> RecursionError<\/span>,<\/span> MemoryError<\/span>):<\/span>\n        raise<\/span> ValueError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\"<\/span>)<\/span>\n    result<\/span> =<\/span> _eval<\/span>(<\/span>tree<\/span>.<\/span>body<\/span>)<\/span>\n    if<\/span> not<\/span> math<\/span>.<\/span>isfinite<\/span>(<\/span>result<\/span>):<\/span>  # 9e999 \u0438\u043b\u0438 1e308 * 10 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 inf<\/span>\n        raise<\/span> ValueError<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\"<\/span>)<\/span>\n    return<\/span> result<\/span>\n\n\nfor<\/span> s<\/span> in<\/span> [<\/span>\"2 + 3 * 4\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"(1 + 2) \/ 4\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"-5 - -2\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"2 ** 10\"<\/span>,<\/span>\n          \"__import__('os').getcwd()\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"1 \/ 0\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"1e308 * 10\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"-\"<\/span> *<\/span> 60<\/span> +<\/span> \"1\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"9\"<\/span> *<\/span> 300<\/span>]:<\/span>\n    try<\/span>:<\/span>\n        print<\/span>(<\/span>f\"{<\/span>s<\/span>[:<\/span>20<\/span>]<\/span>!r} -> {<\/span>safe_calc<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>}\"<\/span>)<\/span>\n    except<\/span> (<\/span>ValueError<\/span>,<\/span> ZeroDivisionError<\/span>)<\/span> as<\/span> e<\/span>:<\/span>\n        print<\/span>(<\/span>f\"{<\/span>s<\/span>[:<\/span>20<\/span>]<\/span>!r} -> \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: {<\/span>e<\/span>}\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    '2 + 3 * 4' -> 14\n'(1 + 2) \/ 4' -> 0.75\n'-5 - -2' -> -3\n'2 ** 10' -> \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442: Pow\n"__import__('os').get" -> \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442: Call\n'1 \/ 0' -> \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: division by zero\n'1e308 * 10' -> \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\n'--------------------' -> \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\n'99999999999999999999' -> \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c ast.parse<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442. \u0412\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u044b, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e: 9 ** 9 ** 9<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c. \u041b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430; \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430 — \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 1+1+...<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 math.isfinite<\/code> \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438 JavaScript-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f: \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n
    \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432 production<\/h2>\n
    \u041a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 — \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435:<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 eval \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 ESLint no-eval<\/code>, no-implied-eval<\/code>, no-new-func<\/code>; \u0432 Python — \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 Bandit \u0438\u043b\u0438 Ruff \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b eval<\/code>\/exec<\/code>.<\/li>\n
    2. \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b eval: new Function(\"...\")<\/code> \u0432 JavaScript, \u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0435 setTimeout(\"\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\")<\/code> \u0438 setInterval(\"\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\")<\/code> (Node.js 24 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442 TypeError<\/code>); exec<\/code> \u0438 compile<\/code> \u0432 Python.<\/li>\n
    3. \u0412 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 — Content Security Policy \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 script-src<\/code> (\u0438\u043b\u0438 default-src<\/code>) \u0431\u0435\u0437 'unsafe-eval'<\/code>: \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 eval, new Function<\/code> \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/li>\n
    4. \u0412 Node.js \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433 --disallow-code-generation-from-strings<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 eval \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 Node.js 24: eval(\"1 + 1\")<\/code> \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 EvalError: Code generation from strings disallowed for this context<\/code>.<\/li>\n
    5. \u041d\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c node:vm<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 globals \u0432 Python: \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Node.js \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e vm<\/code> — \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0443\u0436\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432.<\/li>\n
    6. \u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0437\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c: \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b, \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Eval \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u042f\u0437\u044b\u043a<\/th>\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/th>\n\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      JavaScript<\/td>\neval()<\/code>, new Function()<\/code><\/td>\n\u041f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Python<\/td>\neval()<\/code> \u0438 exec()<\/code><\/td>\neval — \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, exec — \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      PHP<\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f eval()<\/code><\/td>\n\u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0430 <?php<\/code>; \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442 ParseError<\/code> (\u0441 PHP 7)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e: eval \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 (REPL, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a, \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0443), \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434.<\/p>\n
      \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n