{"id":6410,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6410"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:26:59","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:26:59","slug":"znakomstvo-s-javafx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/znakomstvo-s-javafx\/","title":{"rendered":"JavaFX: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e"},"content":{"rendered":"

JavaFX<\/strong> — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 (\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 Java: \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 CSS \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u0432 FXML. \u0421 JDK 11 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 JDK \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 OpenJFX<\/strong>, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e \u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 JavaFX \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432 JDK<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430: Maven \u0438\u043b\u0438 SDK<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e: Stage, Scene \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. FXML \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. CSS \u0432 JavaFX<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 — \u043a\u0430\u043a JavaFX \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c (SDK \u0438\u043b\u0438 Maven), \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e, FXML \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c, CSS \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b 24.09.2026 \u043d\u0430 JDK 25.0.4 (Temurin) \u0438 JavaFX 26.0.2 \u043f\u043e\u0434 Linux, \u0432 headless-\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n

    \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e \u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445<\/h2>\n

    \u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    JavaFX<\/td>\n\u0421\u0430\u043c \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a: API, \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b javafx.*<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    OpenJFX<\/td>\n\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c JavaFX \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442; \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 Maven Central \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f org.openjfx<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    JavaFX SDK<\/td>\n\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0441 jar-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u041e\u0421<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Stage \/ Scene \/ Node<\/td>\n\u041e\u043a\u043d\u043e \/ \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430 \/ \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 (\u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u0423\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f: Stage<\/strong> — \u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b, Scene<\/strong> — \u0445\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442, Node<\/strong> — \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e. \u0423\u0437\u043b\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e (scene graph): \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0430 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n

    \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 JavaFX \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432 JDK<\/h2>\n

    \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a F3 \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 SeeBeyond \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Sun \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 JavaFX, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f 1.0 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0435 2008 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a JavaFX Script. \u0412 JavaFX 2.0 (2011, \u0443\u0436\u0435 Oracle) \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0443\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438: \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 Java \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c JVM-\u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n

    JavaFX 8 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 JDK 8, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 JDK 11 Oracle \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0430 JavaFX \u0438\u0437 JDK: \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 (javafx.base<\/code>, javafx.graphics<\/code>, javafx.controls<\/code>, javafx.fxml<\/code> \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435) \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n

    \u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 JavaFX \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0441 JDK, \u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 JDK (\u043f\u043e release notes OpenJFX: 21 — JDK 17+, 25 — JDK 23+, 26 — JDK 24+, 27 — JDK 25+). \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2026 — JavaFX 27, \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0438 17, 21 \u0438 25 — \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 (LTS):<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0412\u0430\u0448 JDK<\/th>\n\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e JavaFX \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    17 \u0438\u043b\u0438 21<\/td>\n21.0.x (\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 Java 17)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    23-24<\/td>\n25.0.x (\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d JDK 23+) \u0438\u043b\u0438 26.0.x (JDK 24+)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    25 LTS<\/td>\n25.0.x, 26.0.x, 27 (27 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 JDK 25+)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044c JavaFX \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 JDK, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f: \u043f\u043e release notes OpenJFX \u043b\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0447\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c javafx.base<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d. \u0414\u043b\u044f JDK 8 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f JavaFX \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0441 JavaFX \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438.<\/p>\n

    \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430: Maven \u0438\u043b\u0438 SDK<\/h2>\n

    \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 1: Maven (\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432).<\/strong> Maven \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 jar-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0443 \u041e\u0421 \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d javafx-maven-plugin<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n

    <project<\/span> <\/span>xmlns=<\/span>\"http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/POM\/4.0.0\"<\/span>><\/span>\n    <\/span><modelVersion><\/span>4.0.0<\/modelVersion><\/span>\n    <\/span><groupId><\/span>com.example<\/groupId><\/span>\n    <\/span><artifactId><\/span>hellofx<\/artifactId><\/span>\n    <\/span><version><\/span>1.0<\/version><\/span>\n\n    <\/span><properties><\/span>\n        <\/span><maven.compiler.release><\/span>25<\/maven.compiler.release><\/span>\n        <\/span><project.build.sourceEncoding><\/span>UTF-8<\/project.build.sourceEncoding><\/span>\n        <\/span><javafx.version><\/span>26.0.2<\/javafx.version><\/span>\n    <\/span><\/properties><\/span>\n\n    <\/span><dependencies><\/span>\n        <\/span><dependency><\/span>\n            <\/span><groupId><\/span>org.openjfx<\/groupId><\/span>\n            <\/span><artifactId><\/span>javafx-controls<\/artifactId><\/span>\n            <\/span><version><\/span>${javafx.version}<\/version><\/span>\n        <\/span><\/dependency><\/span>\n        <\/span><dependency><\/span>\n            <\/span><groupId><\/span>org.openjfx<\/groupId><\/span>\n            <\/span><artifactId><\/span>javafx-fxml<\/artifactId><\/span>\n            <\/span><version><\/span>${javafx.version}<\/version><\/span>\n        <\/span><\/dependency><\/span>\n    <\/span><\/dependencies><\/span>\n\n    <\/span><build><\/span>\n        <\/span><plugins><\/span>\n            <\/span><plugin><\/span>\n                <\/span><groupId><\/span>org.openjfx<\/groupId><\/span>\n                <\/span><artifactId><\/span>javafx-maven-plugin<\/artifactId><\/span>\n                <\/span><version><\/span>0.0.8<\/version><\/span>\n                <\/span><configuration><\/span>\n                    <\/span><mainClass><\/span>com.example.FxmlApp<\/mainClass><\/span>\n                <\/span><\/configuration><\/span>\n            <\/span><\/plugin><\/span>\n        <\/span><\/plugins><\/span>\n    <\/span><\/build><\/span>\n<\/project><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a — mvn javafx:run<\/code>. \u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 mvn exec:java<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430 Run \u0432 IDE \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435. \u0412 Gradle \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d org.openjfx.javafxplugin<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 2: SDK (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430).<\/strong> \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 JavaFX SDK \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u041e\u0421 \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 OpenJFX \u0438\u043b\u0438 Gluon, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435 lib<\/code> \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0438 JVM:<\/p>\n
    export<\/span> <\/span>PATH_TO_FX<\/span>=<\/span>\/opt\/javafx-sdk-26.0.2\/lib\njavac <\/span>--module-path <\/span>\"<\/span>$PATH_TO_FX<\/span>\"<\/span> <\/span>--add-modules <\/span>javafx.controls <\/span>-d <\/span>out <\/span>src\/com\/example\/HelloFX.java\njava <\/span>--module-path <\/span>\"<\/span>$PATH_TO_FX<\/span>\"<\/span> <\/span>--add-modules <\/span>javafx.controls <\/span>-cp <\/span>out <\/span>com.example.HelloFX<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041f\u0443\u0442\u044c \/opt\/javafx-sdk-26.0.2<\/code> — \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439. \u0412 Windows \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a C:\\javafx-sdk-26.0.2\\lib<\/code>, \u0430 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e export<\/code> — set PATH_TO_FX=...<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e: Stage, Scene \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n
    \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n
    package<\/span> <\/span>com.example<\/span>;<\/span>\n\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.application.Application<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.geometry.Insets<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.Scene<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.control.Button<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.control.Label<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.layout.VBox<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.stage.Stage<\/span>;<\/span>\n\npublic<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> HelloFX<\/span> <\/span>extends<\/span> <\/span>Application<\/span> {<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>private<\/span> <\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>clicks<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>@Override<\/span>\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>start<\/span>(<\/span>Stage<\/span> <\/span>stage<\/span>) {<\/span>\n        <\/span>Label<\/span> <\/span>label<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>Label<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041d\u0430\u0436\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0443\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>Button<\/span> <\/span>button<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>Button<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041d\u0430\u0436\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>button<\/span>.<\/span>setOnAction<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>-><\/span> {<\/span>\n            <\/span>clicks<\/span>++<\/span>;<\/span>\n            <\/span>label<\/span>.<\/span>setText<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0439: \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>clicks<\/span>);<\/span>\n        });<\/span>\n\n        <\/span>VBox<\/span> <\/span>root<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>VBox<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>, <\/span>label<\/span>, <\/span>button<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>root<\/span>.<\/span>setPadding<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>Insets<\/span>(<\/span>20<\/span>));<\/span>\n\n        <\/span>Scene<\/span> <\/span>scene<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>Scene<\/span>(<\/span>root<\/span>, <\/span>320<\/span>, <\/span>160<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>stage<\/span>.<\/span>setTitle<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e JavaFX\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>stage<\/span>.<\/span>setScene<\/span>(<\/span>scene<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>stage<\/span>.<\/span>show<\/span>();<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> <\/span>args<\/span>) {<\/span>\n        <\/span>launch<\/span>(<\/span>args<\/span>);<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e 320×160 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e JavaFX\u00bb; \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0439: 2\u00bb. \u0412 headless-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e:<\/p>\n
    title=\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e JavaFX showing=true size=320.0x160.0\nbefore: \u041d\u0430\u0436\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0443\nafter: \u041d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0439: 2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c:<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. launch(args)<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443 JavaFX, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 start(stage)<\/code> \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435 JavaFX Application Thread<\/strong>. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 launch<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n
    2. VBox<\/code> — \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043a\u043e\u043c 10 \u043f\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c HBox<\/code>, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 GridPane<\/code>, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u00ab\u0448\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0430-\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440-\u043d\u0438\u0437\u00bb — BorderPane<\/code>.<\/li>\n
    3. Scene(root, 320, 160)<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/li>\n
    4. stage.show()<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443: \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437 JavaFX Application Thread. \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 (\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b) \u0432\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 javafx.concurrent.Task<\/code>, \u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 Platform.runLater(...)<\/code>, \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n
      FXML \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n
      \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u0432 FXML<\/strong> — XML-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0432 Java-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/strong>. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u0434 — \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a HTML \u0438 JavaScript.<\/p>\n
      \u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b src\/main\/resources\/com\/example\/hello.fxml<\/code>:<\/p>\n
      <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><\/span>\n\n<?import javafx.geometry.Insets?><\/span>\n<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?><\/span>\n<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?><\/span>\n<?import javafx.scene.control.TextField?><\/span>\n<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?><\/span>\n\n<VBox<\/span> <\/span>xmlns:fx=<\/span>\"http:\/\/javafx.com\/fxml\"<\/span>\n      <\/span>fx:controller=<\/span>\"com.example.HelloController\"<\/span>\n      <\/span>spacing=<\/span>\"10\"<\/span> <\/span>styleClass=<\/span>\"root-box\"<\/span>><\/span>\n    <\/span><padding><Insets<\/span> <\/span>top=<\/span>\"20\"<\/span> <\/span>right=<\/span>\"20\"<\/span> <\/span>bottom=<\/span>\"20\"<\/span> <\/span>left=<\/span>\"20\"<\/span>\/><\/padding><\/span>\n    <\/span><Label<\/span> <\/span>text=<\/span>\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0442?\"<\/span>\/><\/span>\n    <\/span><TextField<\/span> <\/span>fx:id=<\/span>\"nameField\"<\/span> <\/span>promptText=<\/span>\"\u0418\u043c\u044f\"<\/span>\/><\/span>\n    <\/span><Button<\/span> <\/span>text=<\/span>\"\u041f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\"<\/span> <\/span>onAction=<\/span>\"#onGreet\"<\/span>\/><\/span>\n    <\/span><Label<\/span> <\/span>fx:id=<\/span>\"greeting\"<\/span> <\/span>styleClass=<\/span>\"greeting\"<\/span>\/><\/span>\n<\/VBox><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 HelloController.java<\/code>:<\/p>\n
      package<\/span> <\/span>com.example<\/span>;<\/span>\n\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.fxml.FXML<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.control.Label<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.control.TextField<\/span>;<\/span>\n\npublic<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> HelloController<\/span> {<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>@FXML<\/span>\n    <\/span>private<\/span> <\/span>TextField<\/span> <\/span>nameField<\/span>;<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>@FXML<\/span>\n    <\/span>private<\/span> <\/span>Label<\/span> <\/span>greeting<\/span>;<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>@FXML<\/span>\n    <\/span>private<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>onGreet<\/span>() {<\/span>\n        <\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>name<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>nameField<\/span>.<\/span>getText<\/span>().<\/span>strip<\/span>();<\/span>\n        <\/span>greeting<\/span>.<\/span>setText<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span>.<\/span>isEmpty<\/span>() <\/span>?<\/span> <\/span>\"\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u044f\"<\/span> : <\/span>\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>name<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\"!\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a: fx:controller<\/code> \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441, fx:id=\"nameField\"<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 @FXML<\/code>, \u0430 onAction=\"#onGreet\"<\/code> \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n
      \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 FXML \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438:<\/p>\n
      package<\/span> <\/span>com.example<\/span>;<\/span>\n\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.io.IOException<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.application.Application<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.Parent<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.scene.Scene<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>javafx.stage.Stage<\/span>;<\/span>\n\npublic<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> FxmlApp<\/span> <\/span>extends<\/span> <\/span>Application<\/span> {<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>@Override<\/span>\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>start<\/span>(<\/span>Stage<\/span> <\/span>stage<\/span>) <\/span>throws<\/span> <\/span>IOException<\/span> {<\/span>\n        <\/span>FXMLLoader<\/span> <\/span>loader<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>FXMLLoader<\/span>(<\/span>FxmlApp<\/span>.<\/span>class<\/span>.<\/span>getResource<\/span>(<\/span>\"hello.fxml\"<\/span>));<\/span>\n        <\/span>Parent<\/span> <\/span>root<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>loader<\/span>.<\/span>load<\/span>();<\/span>\n\n        <\/span>Scene<\/span> <\/span>scene<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>Scene<\/span>(<\/span>root<\/span>, <\/span>340<\/span>, <\/span>200<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>scene<\/span>.<\/span>getStylesheets<\/span>().<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>\n                <\/span>FxmlApp<\/span>.<\/span>class<\/span>.<\/span>getResource<\/span>(<\/span>\"styles.css\"<\/span>).<\/span>toExternalForm<\/span>());<\/span>\n\n        <\/span>stage<\/span>.<\/span>setTitle<\/span>(<\/span>\"FXML + CSS\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>stage<\/span>.<\/span>setScene<\/span>(<\/span>scene<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>stage<\/span>.<\/span>show<\/span>();<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> <\/span>args<\/span>) {<\/span>\n        <\/span>launch<\/span>(<\/span>args<\/span>);<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430: \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u044f\u00bb, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u00ab  \u0410\u043d\u044f \u00bb \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0410\u043d\u044f!\u00bb (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0435\u0442 strip()<\/code>). \u0412\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 FXML — Scene Builder \u043e\u0442 Gluon, \u043e\u043d \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/p>\n
      CSS \u0432 JavaFX<\/h2>\n
      \u0421\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 JavaFX \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0431-CSS, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442: \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0430 -fx-<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439. \u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b styles.css<\/code> \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441 FXML:<\/p>\n
      .<\/span>root-box<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>-fx-background-color<\/span>: <\/span>#f4f6fb<\/span>;<\/span>\n    <\/span>-fx-font-size<\/span>: <\/span>14<\/span>px<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span>\n\n.<\/span>button<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>-fx-background-color<\/span>: <\/span>#3056d3<\/span>;<\/span>\n    <\/span>-fx-text-fill<\/span>: <\/span>white<\/span>;<\/span>\n    <\/span>-fx-background-radius<\/span>: <\/span>6<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span>\n\n.<\/span>greeting<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>-fx-text-fill<\/span>: <\/span>#1b7f3b<\/span>;<\/span>\n    <\/span>-fx-font-weight<\/span>: <\/span>bold<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b .button<\/code>, .label<\/code>, .text-field<\/code> \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 (root-box<\/code>, greeting<\/code>) \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 styleClass<\/code>. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d 0x3056d3ff<\/code>, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 — \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442 0x1b7f3bff<\/code>, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 CSS \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 color: red<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0430 JavaFX \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n
      \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n
      \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 1: \u00abJavaFX runtime components are missing\u00bb.<\/strong> \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 Application<\/code>, \u0430 JavaFX \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 classpath (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435). \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n
      java <\/span>-cp <\/span>\"out:lib\/*\"<\/span> <\/span>com.example.HelloFX<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/p>\n
      Error: JavaFX runtime components are missing, and are required to run this application\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c JavaFX \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 module path \u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e SDK, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 mvn javafx:run<\/code>. \u0412 IDE \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 VM options \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430: --module-path <\u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a lib> --add-modules javafx.controls,javafx.fxml<\/code>.<\/p>\n
      \u0412\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c — \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 Launcher<\/code> \u0441 main<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 Application<\/code> \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 HelloFX.main(args)<\/code>. \u041e\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0441 classpath, \u043d\u043e JavaFX \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n
      WARNING: Unsupported JavaFX configuration: classes were loaded from 'unnamed module @311bd1df'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0438\u043c\u043e, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 module path.<\/p>\n
      \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 2: module path \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/strong> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c --module-path<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c --add-modules<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c:<\/p>\n
      Error: Could not find or load main class com.example.HelloFX\nCaused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javafx\/application\/Application\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0410 javac<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 module path \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b: error: package javafx.application does not exist<\/code>.<\/p>\n
      \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 3: FXML \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d.<\/strong> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 hello.fxml<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b (\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0435), getResource<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442 null<\/code>, \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n
      java.lang.IllegalStateException: Location is not set.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 src\/main\/resources\/<\/code> \u043f\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441: com\/example\/hello.fxml<\/code>.<\/p>\n
      \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 4: \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430.<\/strong> onAction=\"#onGret\"<\/code> \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e #onGreet<\/code>:<\/p>\n
      javafx.fxml.LoadException: Error resolving onAction='#onGret', either the event handler is not in the Namespace or there is an error in the script.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 5: \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437 opens<\/code>.<\/strong> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c module-info.java<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0443 FXML \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e:<\/p>\n
      Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make field private javafx.scene.control.TextField com.example.HelloController.nameField accessible: module com.example does not "opens com.example" to module javafx.fxml\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 opens<\/code> \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f:<\/p>\n
      module<\/span> com<\/span>.<\/span>example<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>requires<\/span> <\/span>javafx<\/span>.<\/span>controls<\/span>;<\/span>\n    <\/span>requires<\/span> <\/span>javafx<\/span>.<\/span>fxml<\/span>;<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>exports<\/span> <\/span>com<\/span>.<\/span>example<\/span>;<\/span>\n    <\/span>opens<\/span> <\/span>com<\/span>.<\/span>example<\/span> <\/span>to<\/span> <\/span>javafx<\/span>.<\/span>fxml<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f: \u043d\u0430 JDK 24+ JVM \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 WARNING: A restricted method in java.lang.System has been called<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e JavaFX \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438. \u0423\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c --enable-native-access=javafx.graphics<\/code>.<\/p>\n
      \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n