{"id":6392,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6392"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:27:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:27:02","slug":"dobavlenie-informacii-v-mysql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/dobavlenie-informacii-v-mysql\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 MySQL: INSERT \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 MySQL \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438. INSERT<\/strong> \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 (\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438) \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b. ALTER TABLE … ADD COLUMN<\/strong> \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446, \u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b — \u0442\u0438\u043f, NULL<\/code>\/NOT NULL<\/code>, DEFAULT<\/code>, CHECK<\/code> — \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN<\/code> (\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430) \u0438\u043b\u0438 MODIFY COLUMN<\/code> (\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435). UPDATE<\/code> \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 — \u043e\u043d \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. INSERT: \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u041d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. INSERT … SET \u0438 INSERT … SELECT<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 NOT NULL, DEFAULT \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b: IGNORE, ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE, REPLACE<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN: \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. ALTER TABLE \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n
  12. FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 — \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a, INSERT ... SELECT<\/code>, \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b, \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 NOT NULL<\/code>\/DEFAULT<\/code> \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 MySQL 8.4.11 (\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 LTS) 24.09.2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430<\/th>\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443<\/td>\nINSERT INTO t (a, b) VALUES (...)<\/code><\/td>\n\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446<\/td>\nALTER TABLE t ADD COLUMN c INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0<\/code><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/td>\nALTER TABLE t ALTER COLUMN c SET DEFAULT 5<\/code> (DROP DEFAULT<\/code>)<\/td>\n\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e DEFAULT<\/code>; \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c: SET INVISIBLE<\/code> \/ SET VISIBLE<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f, NULL\/NOT NULL<\/td>\nALTER TABLE t MODIFY COLUMN c ...<\/code><\/td>\n\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/td>\nUPDATE t SET ...<\/code><\/td>\n\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434<\/h2>\n

    \u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 MySQL — \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 Docker. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n

    docker <\/span>run <\/span>--rm <\/span>-d <\/span>--name <\/span>mysql84 <\/span>-e <\/span>MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD<\/span>=<\/span>learn <\/span>-e <\/span>MYSQL_DATABASE<\/span>=<\/span>shop <\/span>mysql:8.4\ndocker <\/span>exec<\/span> <\/span>-it <\/span>mysql84 <\/span>mysql <\/span>-uroot <\/span>-p <\/span>shop<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b:<\/p>\n
    CREATE<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>\n  <\/span>id<\/span>    <\/span>INT<\/span> <\/span>UNSIGNED<\/span> <\/span>AUTO_INCREMENT<\/span> <\/span>PRIMARY<\/span> <\/span>KEY<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>sku<\/span>   <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>20<\/span>)   <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>UNIQUE<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span>)  <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>DECIMAL<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>) <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>INT<\/span>           <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>DEFAULT<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>\n);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b: id<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, sku<\/code> \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d, title<\/code> \u0438 price<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b, \u0443 stock<\/code> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e.<\/p>\n
    INSERT: \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443<\/h2>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>)<\/span>\nVALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'KB-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430'<\/span>, <\/span>2490<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span>\n\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>LAST_INSERT_ID<\/span>();<\/span>\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>*<\/span> <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    LAST_INSERT_ID()<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442 1, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n
    +----+-------+----------------------+---------+-------+\n| id | sku   | title                | price   | stock |\n+----+-------+----------------------+---------+-------+\n|  1 | KB-01 | \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430           | 2490.00 |     0 |\n+----+-------+----------------------+---------+-------+\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b id<\/code> \u0438 stock<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 MySQL \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438 DEFAULT 0<\/code>. \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430: \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e (INSERT INTO products VALUES (...)<\/code>) \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435 CREATE TABLE<\/code> \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 ADD COLUMN<\/code> — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435.<\/p>\n
    \u041d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c<\/h2>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>, <\/span>stock<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'MS-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041c\u044b\u0448\u044c'<\/span>,          <\/span>990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>, <\/span>15<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'HS-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0413\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430'<\/span>,    <\/span>3990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>,  <\/span>4<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'CB-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c USB-C'<\/span>,  <\/span>390<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>, <\/span>DEFAULT<\/span>);<\/span>\n\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>LAST_INSERT_ID<\/span>();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)\nRecords: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e DEFAULT<\/code> \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e. LAST_INSERT_ID()<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442 2 — id \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439<\/strong> \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n
    \u041f\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0432 InnoDB \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'PD-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043a'<\/span>, <\/span>450<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'WB-01'<\/span>, <\/span>NULL<\/span>,     <\/span>1990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span>\n\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>) <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 1048 (23000): Column 'title' cannot be null\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    COUNT(*)<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442 4: \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432 id<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e: id<\/code> \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n
    INSERT … SET \u0438 INSERT … SELECT<\/h2>\n
    \u0412 MySQL \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u043e SET<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 UPDATE<\/code>. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 MySQL, \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>sku<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'PD-01'<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'\u041a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043a'<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>450<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    INSERT ... SELECT<\/code> \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 — \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n
    CREATE<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>price_import<\/span> (<\/span>\n  <\/span>sku<\/span>   <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>20<\/span>)   <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span>)  <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>DECIMAL<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>) <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>\n);<\/span>\nINSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>price_import<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'KB-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430'<\/span>, <\/span>2590<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'WC-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0412\u0435\u0431-\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430'<\/span>, <\/span>1990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>'SP-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430'<\/span>,    <\/span>2990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span>\n\nINSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>)<\/span>\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span>.<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>i<\/span>.<\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>i<\/span>.<\/span>price<\/span>\nFROM<\/span> <\/span>price_import<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span>\nLEFT<\/span> <\/span>JOIN<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>p<\/span> <\/span>ON<\/span> <\/span>p<\/span>.<\/span>sku<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span>.<\/span>sku<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>p<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>IS<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)\nRecords: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430. \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0432 SELECT<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n
    \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 NOT NULL, DEFAULT \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/h2>\n
    \u0412 MySQL 8.4 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c (STRICT_TRANS_TABLES<\/code> \u0432 @@sql_mode<\/code>), \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n
    \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e — \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e:<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'WC-02'<\/span>, <\/span>1990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 1364 (HY000): Field 'title' doesn't have a default value\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u042f\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 NULL<\/code> \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443, \u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 — \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u044e:<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'WC-02'<\/span>, <\/span>NULL<\/span>, <\/span>1990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span>\nINSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>)<\/span>\nVALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'WEBCAM-FULLHD-2026-USB'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0412\u0435\u0431-\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430'<\/span>, <\/span>1990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 1048 (23000): Column 'title' cannot be null\nERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'sku' at row 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0443, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0443 DEFAULT<\/code> (\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435):<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'WC-02'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0412\u0435\u0431-\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 HD'<\/span>, <\/span>1990<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c IGNORE<\/code>) \u0442\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c: \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 title<\/code> \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 sku<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c SELECT @@sql_mode;<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b: IGNORE, ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE, REPLACE<\/h2>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 sku<\/code> \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 UNIQUE<\/code>:<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'MS-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041c\u044b\u0448\u044c'<\/span>, <\/span>1090<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry 'MS-01' for key 'products.sku'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435<\/th>\n\u0420\u0438\u0441\u043a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    INSERT IGNORE<\/code><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c<\/td>\n\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 NOT NULL<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE<\/code><\/td>\n\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    REPLACE<\/code><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f id<\/code>, \u043d\u0435\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 DEFAULT<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \u0414\u043b\u044f \u00ab\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE<\/code>. \u0421 MySQL 8.0.19 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e — \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430:<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>, <\/span>stock<\/span>)<\/span>\nVALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'MS-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041c\u044b\u0448\u044c'<\/span>, <\/span>1090<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>, <\/span>5<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span>\nON<\/span> <\/span>DUPLICATE<\/span> <\/span>KEY<\/span> <\/span>UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span>.<\/span>price<\/span>, <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 1052 (23000): Column 'stock' in field list is ambiguous\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e stock<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>, <\/span>stock<\/span>)<\/span>\nVALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'MS-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041c\u044b\u0448\u044c'<\/span>, <\/span>1090<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>, <\/span>5<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span>\nON<\/span> <\/span>DUPLICATE<\/span> <\/span>KEY<\/span> <\/span>UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span>.<\/span>price<\/span>, <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span>;<\/span>\n\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>, <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>WHERE<\/span> <\/span>sku<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'MS-01'<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n+-------+---------+-------+\n| sku   | price   | stock |\n+-------+---------+-------+\n| MS-01 | 1090.00 |    20 |\n+-------+---------+-------+\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442: 1 — \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f, 2 — \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f, 0 — \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e (\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438). \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c VALUES(price)<\/code> \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1287 \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n
    INSERT IGNORE<\/code> \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f:<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>IGNORE<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'NT-01'<\/span>, <\/span>500<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span>\nSHOW<\/span> <\/span>WARNINGS<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)\n+---------+------+--------------------------------------------+\n| Level   | Code | Message                                    |\n+---------+------+--------------------------------------------+\n| Warning | 1364 | Field 'title' doesn't have a default value |\n+---------+------+--------------------------------------------+\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c title<\/code>, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d NOT NULL<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN: \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/h2>\n
    \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 CREATE TABLE<\/code>. AFTER<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e, ALGORITHM = INSTANT<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b (\u0432 MySQL 8.4 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e).<\/p>\n
    ALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span>\n  <\/span>ADD<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>weight_g<\/span>  <\/span>INT<\/span> <\/span>UNSIGNED<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>AFTER<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>ADD<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>is_active<\/span> <\/span>TINYINT<\/span> <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>DEFAULT<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>ALGORITHM<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>INSTANT<\/span>;<\/span>\n\nALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span>\n  <\/span>ADD<\/span> <\/span>CONSTRAINT<\/span> <\/span>chk_products_active<\/span> <\/span>CHECK<\/span> (<\/span>is_active<\/span> <\/span>IN<\/span> (<\/span>0<\/span>, <\/span>1<\/span>));<\/span>\n\nINSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>, <\/span>is_active<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'BAD-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0422\u0435\u0441\u0442'<\/span>, <\/span>1<\/span>, <\/span>5<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 3819 (HY000): Check constraint 'chk_products_active' is violated.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0423 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a weight_g<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b NULL<\/code>, \u0430 is_active<\/code> — 1 \u0438\u0437 DEFAULT<\/code>. \u0424\u043b\u0430\u0433 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d CHECK<\/code>, \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 CHECK<\/code> \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435: \u0441 ALGORITHM = INSTANT<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 INPLACE<\/code> MySQL \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439 1845 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 ALGORITHM=COPY<\/code>, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b.<\/p>\n
    \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 — NOT NULL<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 DEFAULT<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435. \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n
    ALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>ADD<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>brand<\/span> <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>) <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>;<\/span>\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>CONCAT<\/span>(<\/span>'['<\/span>, <\/span>brand<\/span>, <\/span>']'<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>brand<\/span> <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>ORDER<\/span> <\/span>BY<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>LIMIT<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    +-------+-------+\n| sku   | brand |\n+-------+-------+\n| KB-01 | []    |\n| MS-01 | []    |\n+-------+-------+\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    MySQL \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u044f\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 — \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b \u044d\u0442\u043e 0). \u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e — \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e (\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c):<\/p>\n
    ALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>DROP<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>brand<\/span>;<\/span>\nALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>ADD<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>brand<\/span> <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>) <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>DEFAULT<\/span> <\/span>'no-name'<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430: \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u043a\u0430\u043a NULL<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 UPDATE<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c NOT NULL<\/code> \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 MODIFY<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432 — \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n
    INSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>NULL<\/span>, <\/span>'Q-01'<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440'<\/span>, <\/span>100<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>, <\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 1136 (21S01): Column count doesn't match value count at row 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430<\/h2>\n
    \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 (SET DEFAULT<\/code>, DROP DEFAULT<\/code>), \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n
    ALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>ALTER<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>DEFAULT<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    MODIFY COLUMN<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e — \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c title<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c NOT NULL<\/code>:<\/p>\n
    ALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>MODIFY<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>150<\/span>);<\/span>\nINSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> (<\/span>sku<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span>) <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'ZZ-01'<\/span>, <\/span>10<\/span>.<\/span>00<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 title<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442: SHOW CREATE TABLE products<\/code> \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 title varchar(150) DEFAULT NULL<\/code>, \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n
    ALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>MODIFY<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>150<\/span>) <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    ERROR 1138 (22004): Invalid use of NULL value\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n
    UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'<\/span> <\/span>WHERE<\/span> <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>IS<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>OR<\/span> <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>''<\/span>;<\/span>\nALTER<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>products<\/span> <\/span>MODIFY<\/span> <\/span>COLUMN<\/span> <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>150<\/span>) <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    UPDATE<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438: ZZ-01<\/code> \u0441 NULL<\/code> \u0438 NT-01<\/code> \u0441 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 INSERT IGNORE<\/code>. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u043c MODIFY<\/code> \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441 SHOW CREATE TABLE<\/code> \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430: NOT NULL<\/code>, DEFAULT<\/code>, COMMENT<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n
    ALTER TABLE \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435<\/h2>\n
    INSERT<\/code> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c ROLLBACK<\/code>. \u0421 ALTER TABLE<\/code> \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u0421\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n
    2. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/li>\n
    3. \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c ALGORITHM = INSTANT<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 INPLACE<\/code> \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b, MySQL \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443.<\/li>\n
    4. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438: ALTER<\/code> \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442, \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043a \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435.<\/li>\n
    5. \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442 (DROP COLUMN<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 MODIFY<\/code>) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u0418\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 INSERT<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 (?<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438), \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a: \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 SQL-\u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n
      \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n