{"id":6230,"date":"2023-05-12T11:58:49","date_gmt":"2023-05-12T11:58:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6230"},"modified":"2023-05-14T17:32:22","modified_gmt":"2023-05-14T17:32:22","slug":"iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435: \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u0412 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u042f\u041f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c <strong>\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/strong>. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 iterator. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c. \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iterator \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0437 STL. \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 iterators \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u00ab\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00bb. \u0412 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u2013 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0412 C++ \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441 set \u0438 list. \u0423 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u00ab\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iterator \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b C \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u2013 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u00ab\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u00bb \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e container \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0417\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0430 iterator \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0422\u0438\u043f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u043d \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438. \u0412 C++ \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>int (\u0438\u043b\u0438 integer) \u2013 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>double \u2013 \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>char \u2013 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bool \u2013 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 (\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>float \u2013 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Int \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0412\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430. \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439. \u0412 C++ \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434. \u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 int \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 ++. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 *.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434. \u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 int \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 ++ \u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 *. \u0418\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 == \u0438 !=. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ++. Iterator \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 *. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 -&gt;, \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f iterators \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 == \u0438 !=. \u0414\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e iterator, \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u0432\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439. \u0414\u0432\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 iterator \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435\u043d. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c iter \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430. \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 iterators. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c [] \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 -=, +=, +- \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 iterators.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0437\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 int iter. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c iterators, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443 &lt;iterator&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"236\" height=\"33\" src=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-14.png\" alt=\"\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435: \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\" class=\"wp-image-6231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-14.png 236w, https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-14-150x21.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 236px) 100vw, 236px\" \/><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-14.png\",\"width\":\"236\",\"height\":\"33\"}<\/script><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>&lt;\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440&gt; &lt;\u0442\u0438\u043f (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u2013 int )&gt; :: &lt;\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e iterator \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0435\u043a &gt;&lt;\u0438\u043c\u044f_\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430&gt;;<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&lt;\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440&gt; \u2013 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f container, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&lt;\u0442\u0438\u043f&gt; \u2013 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e int ).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f int, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 begin \u0438 end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Begin \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 iterator \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 end, \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 container. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0421\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 (\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443) &lt;iter&gt;. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u00bb:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>Vector &lt;int &gt; a_vector;<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>Vector &lt;int &gt;:: iter it = a_vector.brgin();<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 a_vector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 vector<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 vector int. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442: int x = *it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 it++, ++it \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 it&#8212;, &#8212;it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: if (it == it2) { &#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b: int X = it-it2.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438: &gt;, &lt;, == \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438.&nbsp; \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 container \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u2013 int). \u0418\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 iter \u043d\u0430 map.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 list, map \u0438 set<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c class \u0434\u043b\u044f list, map, set \u0443\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u041e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f list, set \u0438 map \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 C++ \u0434\u043b\u044f iter \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f advance():<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"689\" height=\"115\" src=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435: \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\" class=\"wp-image-6232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-15.png 689w, https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-15-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-15-150x25.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 689px) 100vw, 689px\" \/><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-15.png\",\"width\":\"689\",\"height\":\"115\"}<\/script><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f +, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2013. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=jLPqLW2Bp_w\">\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/a> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u0410 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P. S. \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430? \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/dev_c\/?utm_source=oj&amp;utm_medium=affilate&amp;utm_campaign=c\">\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442 C\u00bb<\/a>. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 <em>\u0432&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/?utm_source=oj\">Otus<\/a> <\/em>\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u0412 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u042f\u041f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 iterator. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c. \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6233,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[91,65],"class_list":["post-6230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-c-3","tag-programmirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u0412 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u042f\u041f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 iterator. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c. \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c,\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. Pavlenko\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.9\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/otus.ru\\\/journal\\\/iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie\\\/#article\",\"name\":\"\\u0418\\u0442\\u0435\\u0440\\u0430\\u0442\\u043e\\u0440 \\u0432 \\u0421\\u0438-\\u0441\\u0435\\u043c\\u0435\\u0439\\u0441\\u0442\\u0432\\u0435: \\u043e\\u043f\\u0438\\u0441\\u0430\\u043d\\u0438\\u0435, \\u043f\\u0440\\u043e\\u0433\\u0440\\u0430\\u043c\\u043c\\u0438\\u0440\\u043e\\u0432\\u0430\\u043d\\u0438\\u0435, \\u0438\\u0441\\u043f\\u043e\\u043b\\u044c\\u0437\\u043e\\u0432\\u0430\\u043d\\u0438\\u0435 OTUS\",\"headline\":\"\\u0418\\u0442\\u0435\\u0440\\u0430\\u0442\\u043e\\u0440 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