{"id":6230,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6230"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:27:10","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:27:10","slug":"iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 C++: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e, begin \u0438 end, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 (iterator) \u0432 C++<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*it<\/code>), \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++it<\/code>) \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u043e\u043c (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it != v.end()<\/code>). \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b STL: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::sort<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::find<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::accumulate<\/code>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: begin, end \u0438 range-based for<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">std::next, std::advance, std::distance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f: \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435: C, C++, C# \u0438 Java<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 range-for \u0438 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s11\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::next<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::advance<\/code>, \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f (\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a) \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 Apple clang 21 (libc++) \u0438 GCC 14.2 (libstdc++) \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-std=c++20<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442-\u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u00bb \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0423 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::vector<\/code> \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/strong> &#8212; \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438. \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 &#8212; \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430: \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">!=<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0418\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441<\/strong> &#8212; \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043f\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">vector<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">array<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">string<\/code>), \u0430 \u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">list<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">set<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">map<\/code> \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/li>\n<li><strong><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code><\/strong> &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f <strong>\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c<\/strong> \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code> \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f: \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (UB).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: begin, end \u0438 range-based for<\/h2>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;vector&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">30<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ 1. \u042f\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u043e\u0442 begin() \u0434\u043e end()<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;                  <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ 2. \u0422\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 range-based for (C++11)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ 3. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 end()<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;       <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">11 21 31 \n21 3\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440. \u0422\u0438\u043f \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440&lt;\u0442\u0438\u043f&gt;::iterator<\/code>, \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">auto<\/code>. \u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it != v.end()<\/code>: \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;<\/code> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. Range-based for <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">for (int x : v)<\/code> \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">begin()<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043c, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">v.end() - v.begin()<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 range-based for, \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">for (int&amp; x : v) x += 1;<\/code>. \u0421 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int x<\/code> \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 (\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e).<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/th>\n<th>\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439<\/th>\n<th>\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 (input)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*it<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">!=<\/code>, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::istream_iterator<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 (output)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*it = x<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code>, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::ostream_iterator<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::back_inserter<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 (forward)<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::forward_list<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">unordered_map<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">unordered_set<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0414\u0432\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 (bidirectional)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">--it<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::list<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::set<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::map<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 (random access)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it + n<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it - n<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it[n]<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;<\/code>, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::deque<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 (contiguous, C++20)<\/td>\n<td>\u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::vector<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::array<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::string<\/code>, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b: \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::sort<\/code> \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::sort(l.begin(), l.end())<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::list<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f &#8212; \u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">l.sort()<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">std::next, std::advance, std::distance<\/h2>\n<p>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;list&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">list<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0443 list \u043d\u0435\u0442 operator+<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 clang 21 (libc++) \u0438 \u0432 GCC 14.2 (libstdc++):<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">ex2bad.cpp:5:25: error: invalid operands to binary expression (&#x27;iterator&#x27; (aka &#x27;__list_iterator&lt;int, void *&gt;&#x27;) and &#x27;int&#x27;)\nex2bad.cpp:5:25: error: no match for &#x27;operator+&#x27; (operand types are &#x27;std::__cxx11::list&lt;int&gt;::iterator&#x27; and &#x27;int&#x27;)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430: \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code> \u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;iterator&gt;<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iterator&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;list&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;vector&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">list<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">next<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ list: 2 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430 ++, O(n)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vi<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">next<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ vector: \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 +2, O(1)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vi<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">advance<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">-1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);                <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439: \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">li<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">prev<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">3 3\n2 4\n4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/th>\n<th>\u041c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440?<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::next(it, n)<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044e, \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 n<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::prev(it, n)<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 (\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d bidirectional)<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::advance(it, n)<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::distance(a, b)<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a<\/code> \u0434\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">b<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430: \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>. \u0421\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 &#8212; UB, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f: \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442. \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c &#8212; UB: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u00bb, \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 &#8212; \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;vector&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">shrink_to_fit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">();                     <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c capacity == size: push_back \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">push_back<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);               <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 it \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0440: \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435 clang 21 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1 0 2 0 1 2 3 20 20 20<\/code>, \u0432 GCC 14.2 &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u044d\u0442\u043e UB. \u0421 AddressSanitizer (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">clang++ -g -fsanitize=address<\/code>) \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435: \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">==82396==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x6020000000d4 ...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">push_back<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it<\/code> \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 &#8212; \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">erase<\/code>, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 C++20 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::erase_if<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;vector&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435: erase \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); ) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);              <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c ++it \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 erase<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ C++20: \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">w<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">removed<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">erase_if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">w<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, [](<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; });<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">removed<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">w<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">size<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1 3 5<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">3 3<\/code>. \u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">erase<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 (\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">erase<\/code> \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0445\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::erase_if<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437 &#8212; \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0423\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">deque<\/code>, &#8212; \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430):<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440<\/th>\n<th>\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">vector<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">string<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b; \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">list<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">set<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">map<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">unordered_map<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">unordered_set<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438 rehash &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b (\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f)<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0421\u0438-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435: C, C++, C# \u0438 Java<\/h2>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u00abiterator c\u00bb \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 C. \u0412 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 C \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f begin\/end \u043e\u0442\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">sizeof<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">sizeof<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">];   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/* \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \"\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\" *\/<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">printf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"%d \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">printf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\\n\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">3 1 4<\/code>. \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c &#8212; \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code> \u0432 C++.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u042f\u0437\u044b\u043a<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0428\u0430\u0433 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C<\/td>\n<td>\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++p<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*p<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C++<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">container::iterator<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++it<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*it<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C#<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IEnumerator&lt;T&gt;<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">MoveNext()<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Current<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">MoveNext()<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Java<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Iterator&lt;T&gt;<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">hasNext()<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">next()<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">hasNext()<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0412 C# \u0438 Java \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0430 \u0432 C++ \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">begin<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 C#, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e <a href=\"\/journal\/for-each-v-si-semejstve\/\">\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b foreach \u0432 C#<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a<\/h2>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;map&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;string&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;vector&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">rbegin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">rend<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">map<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ages<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{{<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"Ann\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">30<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}, {<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"Bob\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">25<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">found<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ages<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">find<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"Bob\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">found<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ages<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()) {                     <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ end() = \"\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">found<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'='<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">found<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">second<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cbegin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">();<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ *cit = 5;  \/\/ \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f: const_iterator \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">3 2 1<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Bob=25<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1<\/code>. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rbegin()<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">rend()<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">cbegin()<\/code> &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e &#8212; \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 (clang: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">cannot assign to return value because function 'operator*' returns a const value<\/code>, GCC: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">assignment of read-only location<\/code>). <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">find<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code> \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 &#8212; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-&gt;<\/code>, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 range-for \u0438 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b<\/h2>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">for (x : obj)<\/code> \u0438 \u0441 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 STL, \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">begin()<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>, \u0430 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 &#8212; \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442, \u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;cstddef&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;iterator&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">&lt;numeric&gt;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0414\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b [first, last) \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">IntRange<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator_concept<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">forward_iterator_tag<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f C++20-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator_category<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">input_iterator_tag<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443 views::iota<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">value_type<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">difference_type<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">ptrdiff_t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reference<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">         <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">default<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">explicit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cur_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {}<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cur_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() { <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cur_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; }       <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ ++it<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cur_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; } <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ it++<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">default<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cur_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    };<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IntRange<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">last<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">), <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">last_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">last<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">?<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">last<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {}<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">); }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">last_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">); }<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">last_<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static_assert<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">forward_iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IntRange<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">iterator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);  <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0430 C++20<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IntRange<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">' '<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;                  <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ range-based for<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">accumulate<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;  <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c STL<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IntRange<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">empty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);                                   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ last &lt; first -&gt; \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">cout<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">empty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">empty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1 2 3 4 5<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">15<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0<\/code>. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">last &lt; first<\/code>: \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">begin()<\/code> \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0431\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>, \u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0443\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0431\u044b \u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">static_assert<\/code> \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::forward_iterator<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0414\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">operator*<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443: \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c C++17 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 C++20 &#8212; \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439. \u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::views::iota<\/code>: \u0434\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">iterator_category<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">iterator_concept<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 (\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0435\u0449\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">--<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+=<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;<\/code>).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 C++ &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442-\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*it<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++it<\/code> \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it + n<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::sort<\/code> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u0434\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">list<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">map<\/code> \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::next<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::advance<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b; \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">it = erase(it)<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::erase_if<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412 C \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0432 C# \u0438 Java &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">MoveNext<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">hasNext<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f + \u0448\u0430\u0433 + \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430\u00bb \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0441 range-based for \u0438 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 STL; \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u044b C++20 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b &#8212; \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 STL: \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">map<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">set<\/code>, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u043e C++ \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/cpp-basic\/?int_article=iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u00abC++-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb<\/a>, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=iterator-v-si-semejstve-opisanie-programmirovanie-ispolzovanie&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s11\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">iterator<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">const_iterator<\/code>?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">const_iterator<\/code> \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">cbegin()<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">cend()<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">begin()<\/code> \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 &#8212; UB, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;iterator&gt;<\/code>, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">begin()<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">end()<\/code>?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 &#8212; \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;iterator&gt;<\/code> \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::next<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::advance<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::distance<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::back_inserter<\/code> \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">std::forward_iterator<\/code>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 (iterator) \u0432 C++ &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 (*it), \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f (++it) \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u043e\u043c (it != v.end()). \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b STL: std::sort, std::find, std::accumulate. \u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: begin, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6233,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[91,65],"class_list":["post-6230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-c-3","tag-programmirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 C++ \u0438 STL: begin \u0438 end, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 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