{"id":6100,"date":"2026-09-30T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6100"},"modified":"2026-09-30T12:30:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T12:30:45","slug":"komandy-i-processy-v-linukse-osnovy-raboty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/komandy-i-processy-v-linukse-osnovy-raboty\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0432 Linux: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0432 Linux<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b: \u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b &#8212; \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 (PID), \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0446 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 &#8212; \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 &#8212; \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b: ps, top, htop<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">kill \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u044b: nice \u0438 renice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438: jobs, bg, fg, nohup<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b systemd &#8212; \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s11\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s12\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 &#8212; \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c: \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">top<\/code>), \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code> \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b), \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nice<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">renice<\/code>), \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u043d (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">jobs<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bg<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">fg<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nohup<\/code>). \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b 30.09.2026 \u0432 Ubuntu 24.04 (bash 5.2, procps-ng 4.0.4) \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/usr\/bin\/sleep<\/code>). \u0420\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441<\/strong> &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c PID \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 (job)<\/strong> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">%1<\/code>) \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430, PID &#8212; \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 (unit)<\/strong> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 systemd, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0415\u0449\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 &#8212; \u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sleep 300<\/code> (\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442 300 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442) \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043a <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;<\/code> \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u043d.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">sleep<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">300<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> &amp;<\/span>\nps<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-o<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>pid,ppid,stat,ni,comm<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 PID, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1] 15\n    PID    PPID STAT  NI COMMAND\n     11      10 S      0 bash\n     15      11 S      0 sleep\n     16      11 R+     0 ps\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 PID \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>PID<\/strong> &#8212; \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PPID<\/strong> &#8212; \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0423 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sleep<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code> \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 bash \u0441 PID 11: \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0432 Linux \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c (\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e). \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e: \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 PID 1 (\u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e systemd).<\/li>\n<li><strong>STAT<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sleep<\/code> \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">S<\/code>), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code> \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">R<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>NI<\/strong> &#8212; \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 nice, \u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">$!<\/code> \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 PID \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">kill<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$!<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">jobs<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1]+  Terminated              sleep 300\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b: ps, top, htop<\/h2>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps -ef<\/code> (\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c UNIX, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 PPID) \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps aux<\/code> (\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c BSD, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f CPU \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438).<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0433\u043e:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">sleep<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">300<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> &amp;<\/span>\nps<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-ef<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> | <\/span>head<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-4\npgrep<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-a<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>sleep<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1] 17\nUID          PID    PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD\nroot           1       0  0 11:47 pts\/0    00:00:00 \/sbin\/docker-init -- bash\nroot           7       1  0 11:47 pts\/0    00:00:00 bash\nroot          10       7  0 11:47 pts\/0    00:00:00 su - ubuntu\n17 sleep 300\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d \u0448\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 PID 1 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">docker-init<\/code>; \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 systemd. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pgrep -a \u0438\u043c\u044f<\/code> \u0438\u0449\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 PID \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps aux<\/code> \u0441 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">grep<\/code>. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill $!<\/code>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>UID \/ USER<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0446 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PID, PPID<\/td>\n<td>\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C, %CPU, %MEM<\/td>\n<td>\u0414\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>STIME \/ START<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TTY<\/td>\n<td>\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">?<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u043a \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0443 (\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TIME<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CMD \/ COMMAND<\/td>\n<td>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">top<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438: \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430 (\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 CPU, \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c), \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e CPU. \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0448\u0438: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">M<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">P<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u043e CPU, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">k<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">q<\/code> &#8212; \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">htop<\/code> &#8212; \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0441 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432; \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u0411\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0435 STAT (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code>) \u0438\u043b\u0438 S (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">top<\/code>) &#8212; \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0411\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>R<\/td>\n<td>running \/ runnable<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S<\/td>\n<td>interruptible sleep<\/td>\n<td>\u0416\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f: \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D<\/td>\n<td>uninterruptible sleep<\/td>\n<td>\u0416\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430-\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a), \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T<\/td>\n<td>stopped<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e Ctrl+Z<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Z<\/td>\n<td>zombie<\/td>\n<td>\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>I<\/td>\n<td>idle<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0417\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 &#8212; \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">wait<\/code>; \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443 \u0441 PID 1, \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">kill \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441<\/h2>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u00ab\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb, \u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443 <strong>\u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e (\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e, \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441). \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 SIGTERM (15): \u0432\u0435\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b<\/th>\n<th>\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th>\n<th>\u0421\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b<\/th>\n<th>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>SIGTERM<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code>)<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIGINT<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, Ctrl+C<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIGHUP<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIGKILL<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>\u041d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIGSTOP<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIGTSTP<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, Ctrl+Z<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIGCONT<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f x86 \u0438 ARM; \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill -TERM<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill -KILL<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a &#8212; \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 SIGTERM, \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442, SIGKILL. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 SIGTERM \u0438\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">bash<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-c<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'trap \"echo TERM ignored\" TERM; while true; do sleep 1; done'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> &amp;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">kill<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$!<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">jobs<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1] 21\nTERM ignored\n[1]+  Running                 bash -c &#x27;trap &quot;echo TERM ignored&quot; TERM; while true; do sleep 1; done&#x27; &amp;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sleep 1<\/code>) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443. SIGKILL \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">kill<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-KILL<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$!<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">jobs<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1]+  Killed                  bash -c &#x27;trap &quot;echo TERM ignored&quot; TERM; while true; do sleep 1; done&#x27;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0430 SIGKILL &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0432: \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a PID 1 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443-\u00ab\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0446\u0443\u00bb).<\/p>\n<h3>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pkill \u0438\u043c\u044f<\/code> (\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438) \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pgrep -a \u0438\u043c\u044f<\/code>. \u0418\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pkill python<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">python3<\/code>, \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ipython<\/code>; \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-x<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c. \u0421 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sudo<\/code> \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps -o pid,user,cmd -p PID<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>PID <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-1<\/code> \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b, \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0441\u044c\u00bb: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill -9 -1<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441, \u0430 \u043e\u0442 root &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u00ab\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0448\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443\u00bb.<\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">systemctl<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code>: \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 systemd \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u044b: nice \u0438 renice<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Nice<\/strong> &#8212; \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0442 -20 \u0434\u043e 19, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0443: \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0442\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0445\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c. \u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 0, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u041d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c nice \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nice<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">renice<\/code> \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">nice<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">15<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>sleep<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">200<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> &amp;<\/span>\nps<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-o<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>pid,ni,comm\nrenice<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">19<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-p<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$!<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1] 27\n    PID  NI COMMAND\n     11   0 bash\n     27  15 sleep\n     28   0 ps\n27 (process ID) old priority 15, new priority 19\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">renice<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-p<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$!<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">renice: failed to set priority for 27 (process ID): Permission denied\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c nice (\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u00ab\u0432\u0435\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0435\u00bb). \u041f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 root: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sudo renice -n 0 -p PID<\/code>. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ulimit -e<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 0); \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">RLIMIT_NICE<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c nice \u0432 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445. \u0421 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nice -n -5 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nice: cannot set niceness: Permission denied<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442 &#8212; \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill $!<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438: jobs, bg, fg, nohup<\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d. \u0415\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u043d, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">sleep<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">600<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c Ctrl+Z &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 SIGTSTP \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">^Z\n[1]+  Stopped                 sleep 600\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bg<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>%1\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">jobs<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">fg<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>%1<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1]+ sleep 600 &amp;\n[1]+  Running                 sleep 600 &amp;\nsleep 600\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bg %1<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">jobs<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">fg %1<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d &#8212; \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Ctrl+C. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e Ctrl+Z \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u043d: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bg<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">fg<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0424\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0443: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 SIGHUP \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nohup<\/code> \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">nohup<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>sleep<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">100<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>work.log<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> &amp;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">jobs<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">[1] 32\n[1]+  Running                 nohup sleep 100 &gt; work.log 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nohup<\/code> \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nohup.out<\/code> \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 (\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f &#8212; \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c). \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill $!<\/code> \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">work.log<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">tmux<\/code>, \u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 systemd.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b systemd &#8212; \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c systemd: \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0435, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a (\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ssh<\/code>; \u0438\u043c\u044f \u044e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430):<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">systemctl<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>status<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>ssh\nsudo<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>systemctl<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>restart<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>ssh\njournalctl<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-u<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>ssh<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">20<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">status<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 PID \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">stop<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">start<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">restart<\/code> \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">enable<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">disable<\/code> &#8212; \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0435. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">stop<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0443 SIGTERM \u0438 \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442; \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, systemd \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 SIGKILL. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e: \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u044e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill: (PID) - No such process<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 PID \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 PID: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pgrep -a \u0438\u043c\u044f<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Operation not permitted<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sudo kill PID<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435, STAT = <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">T<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 SIGTERM \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill -CONT PID<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">fg<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill -9<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c, STAT = <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Z<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0417\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432, \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c (PPID): \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b SIGHUP<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nohup<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">tmux<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 systemd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">renice: ... Permission denied<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c nice \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e root<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sudo renice<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c PID, \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c (PPID); \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432 PID 1.<\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps -ef<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps aux<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043a, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">top<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">htop<\/code> &#8212; \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pgrep -a<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b: \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e SIGTERM (15). SIGKILL (9) &#8212; \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/li>\n<li>Nice \u043e\u0442 -20 \u0434\u043e 19: \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445 &#8212; \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e root.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;<\/code>, Ctrl+Z, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bg<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">fg<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">jobs<\/code> \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">nohup<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 SIGHUP, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445 systemd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s11\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<p>\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 &#8212; \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430: \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0448\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0432 SSH, \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043c. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 bash.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/linux-basic\/?int_article=komandy-i-processy-v-linukse-osnovy-raboty&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u00ab\u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 Linux. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb<\/a>. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=komandy-i-processy-v-linukse-osnovy-raboty&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s12\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pkill<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">killall<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430?<\/strong><br \/>\n<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">kill<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 PID \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">%1<\/code>), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pkill<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">killall<\/code> &#8212; \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pkill<\/code> \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">killall<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e; \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 &#8212; SIGTERM.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441-\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0421\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430 &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441, \u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f; \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 PID 1 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441-\u00ab\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0446\u00bb). \u0417\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442, \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d, \u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0432, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0413\u0434\u0435 Linux \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0412 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/proc<\/code>: \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/proc\/PID<\/code>, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/proc\/PID\/status<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 PPID. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">top<\/code>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0432 Linux &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b: \u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b &#8212; \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 (PID), \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0446 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 &#8212; \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 &#8212; \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6465,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[141],"class_list":["post-6100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-linux"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0432 Linux \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438: PID, \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438: ps, top, kill \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, nice, jobs, nohup, systemctl.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. 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