{"id":6087,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6087"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:27:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:27:19","slug":"linuks-i-read","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/linuks-i-read\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 read \u0432 bash: \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441, \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 -p, -s, -t, -a, -r \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>read<\/strong> &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 bash, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430), \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS<\/code> \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 bash-\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">while read<\/code>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u0422\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 read \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a read \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u0424\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 read: \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d -r<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e: while read<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">read \u0432 bash, sh \u0438 zsh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s11\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s12\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s13\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 GNU bash 5.2.21 (Ubuntu 24.04). \u041e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f macOS (\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 bash 3.2), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sh<\/code>\/dash \u0438 zsh \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u0422\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 read \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043d<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code>). \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0435 (\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e)<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS<\/code> (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b, \u0442\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0<\/code>, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f; \u043d\u0435 0 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0435. \u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">while read<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#!\/usr\/bin\/env bash<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># ask.sh - \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 22<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-p<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0418\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430: \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>host\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>!<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-t<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-p<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442 [22]: \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>port<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">then<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span>echo<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">port<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430: \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">fi<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">port<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">${<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">port<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">:-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">22<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-z<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$host<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">then<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">exit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">fi<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$port<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">in<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span>*<span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span>!0-9<span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span>*<span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">exit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> ;;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">esac<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"${#<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">port<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-gt<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">||<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">$((<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10#<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$port<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">))<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-lt<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">||<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">$((<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10#<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$port<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">))<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-gt<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">65535<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">then<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 1-65535\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">exit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">fi<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u043a <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$host<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">$((<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10#<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$port<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">))<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bash ask.sh<\/code>, \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">db01<\/code>, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">2222<\/code>. \u041d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u0418\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430: db01\n\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442 [22]: 2222\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u043a db01:2222\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-r<\/code> &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0448 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435). \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-p \"...\"<\/code> &#8212; \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u041e\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-t 10<\/code> &#8212; \u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 10 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u043e, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 128, \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435 bash 5.2 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">80<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 Enter &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">port=80<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0434 142), \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">port=\"\"<\/code> \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">${port:-22}<\/code> &#8212; \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 Enter \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442), \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 22.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434. \u0417\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">22abc<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\uff12\uff12<\/code> (\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u044b) \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c\u00bb, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">70000<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">99999999999999999999<\/code> &#8212; \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\u00bb, \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f &#8212; \u00ab\u0438\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u00bb. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">10#<\/code> \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0022<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u043e\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a read \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443<\/h2>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">read [-ers] [-a \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432] [-d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c] [-i \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442] [-n N] [-N N] [-p \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435] [-t \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b] [-u fd] [\u0438\u043c\u044f ...]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS<\/code>, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 &#8212; \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0432\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">REPLY<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> | <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>name<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>surname<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>rest<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"name=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$name<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"surname=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$surname<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"rest=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$rest<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">name=\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\nsurname=\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\nrest=\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS=: read -r ...<\/code>. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/etc\/passwd<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IFS<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span>:<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>user<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>pass<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>uid<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>gid<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>gecos<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>home<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>shell<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"root:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"user=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$user<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\"> uid=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$uid<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\"> home=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$home<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\"> shell=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$shell<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">user=root uid=0 home=\/root shell=\/bin\/bash\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440: \u0434\u043b\u044f CSV \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">csv<\/code> \u0432 Python).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u0424\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 read: \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0424\u043b\u0430\u0433<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-r<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\<\/code> \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r line<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-p \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c (\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -p \"\u0418\u043c\u044f: \" name<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-s<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044b<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -s -p \"\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c: \" pass<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-t \u0441\u0435\u043a<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 128, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -t 5 answer<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-n N<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 N \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u043f\u043e Enter<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -n 1 key<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-N N<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e N \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -N 4 chunk<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-a \u0438\u043c\u044f<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0441 0<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -a parts<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-d \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -d ';' first<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-u fd<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 fd<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -u 3 line<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-e<\/code> \/ <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-i \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 readline \/ \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e (\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-e<\/code>)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -e -i \"\/tmp\" dir<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 bash 5.2:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-a<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>arr<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"red green  blue\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"count=${#<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">arr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[@]<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">} first=${<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">arr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[0]<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">} last=${<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">arr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[2]<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>a<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"abcdef\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"n3=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$a<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-d<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">';'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>first<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"one;two\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"first=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$first<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">count=3 first=red last=blue\nn3=abc\nfirst=one\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0414\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">green<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">blue<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0438\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS<\/code> \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0421 \u043d\u0435-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS=:<\/code>) \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d -r<\/h2>\n<p>\u0411\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-r<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0448 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">printf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'%s\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'C:\\new\\table'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> | <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>line<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0431\u0435\u0437 -r: <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$line<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 &#8212; \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u0431\u0435\u0437 -r: C:newtable\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">printf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'%s\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'C:\\new\\table'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> | <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>line<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0441 -r:   <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$line<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u0441 -r:   C:\\new\\table\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e: while read<\/h2>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IFS<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>line<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">||<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$line<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">do<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430: <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$line<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">done<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&lt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>file.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS=<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 (\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f   \u0438 \u0445\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f   \u0438 \u0445\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-r<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0448\u0438.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">|| [ -n \"$line\" ]<\/code> &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a\\nb\\nc<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code> \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">b<\/code>: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">c<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b \u043a\u043e\u0434 1 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt; file.txt<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">done<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0435, \u0432 bash 4+ \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">mapfile -t lines &lt; file.txt<\/code> (\u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">readarray<\/code>).<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0441\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n<p>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0430\u0445: \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 (ssh, ffmpeg, mysql) \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 stdin, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code>, \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430. \u0412\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0433\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">cat<\/code> \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">printf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'web1\\nweb2\\nweb3\\n'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>hosts.txt\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IFS<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>host<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">do<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$host<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span>cat<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>\/dev\/null<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">      <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 stdin (ssh, ffmpeg, mysql)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">done<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&lt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>hosts.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e web1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 stdin:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IFS<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>host<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">do<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$host<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span>cat<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>\/dev\/null<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&lt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>\/dev\/null<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 stdin<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">done<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&lt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>hosts.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e web1\n\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e web2\n\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e web3\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f ssh \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ssh -n<\/code>. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 &#8212; \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">while IFS= read -r -u 3 host; do ...; done 3&lt; hosts.txt<\/code>. \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 stdin \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 stdin.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442<\/h2>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">#!\/usr\/bin\/env bash<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-s<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-p<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c: \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>pass\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">                      <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 -s \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-z<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$pass<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">then<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>&gt;<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">exit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">fi<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0414\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f: ${#<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pass<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">unset<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>pass\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-p<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c? [y\/N] \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>answer\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$answer<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">in<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span>y<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">|<\/span>Y<span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> ;;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">  <\/span>*<span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> ;;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">esac<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">s3cret<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">y<\/code> \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\u0414\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f: 6<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-n 1<\/code> Enter \u043d\u0430\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430. \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">y<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Y<\/code>, \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c &#8212; \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-s<\/code>: \u043e\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0445\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u044c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">set -x<\/code> (\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438);<\/li>\n<li>\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">mysql -p\"$pass\"<\/code> \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code>;<\/li>\n<li>\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">export<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 stdin \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 600, \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">unset<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-t<\/code> bash 5.2 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 142 (128 + \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 SIGALRM). \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-gt 128<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-t 0<\/code>: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"hello\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> | <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>x<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"x=[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$x<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">]\"<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432 bash:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">x=[]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432 bash \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435, \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">x<\/code> \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f &#8212; here-string \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>x<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"hello\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"x=[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$x<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">]\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"hello\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> | <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">read<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>-r<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>x<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">echo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"x=[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">$x<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">]\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">x=[hello]<\/code>. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">shopt -s lastpipe<\/code> \u0432 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0435 (bash 4.2+, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0435). \u0412 zsh \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443: \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">read \u0432 bash, sh \u0438 zsh<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>bash 5.x (Linux)<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bash 3.2 (\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 macOS)<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-i<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-N<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">mapfile<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">shopt -s lastpipe<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>dash (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/bin\/sh<\/code> \u0432 Debian \u0438 Ubuntu)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-a<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-d<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Illegal option<\/code>; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-r<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-p<\/code> \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>zsh<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 &#8212; \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-A<\/code>, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -a<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bad option: -a<\/code>; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-p<\/code> \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -p \"\u0418\u043c\u044f: \" n<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-p: no coprocess<\/code>; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read \"n?\u0418\u043c\u044f: \"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434: \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">#!\/usr\/bin\/env bash<\/code> \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bash script.sh<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sh script.sh<\/code>, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 bash.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0448\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-r<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS<\/code> \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS= read -r line<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\\n<\/code> \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&#124;&#124; [ -n \"$line\" ]<\/code> \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043f\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437<\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 stdin<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">cmd &lt; \/dev\/null<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ssh -n<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -u 3<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">echo ... &#124; read<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">{ ...; }<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">lastpipe<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-p<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 (\u043f\u0430\u0439\u043f, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b)<\/td>\n<td>\u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">echo<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Illegal option -a<\/code> (dash), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bad option: -a<\/code> (zsh), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read: -N: invalid option<\/code> (bash 3.2)<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043c bash<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bash script.sh<\/code>, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c shebang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u043d\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u0432 cron \u0438\u043b\u0438 CI<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\/\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-t<\/code> \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"s11\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 bash: \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IFS<\/code>, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d &#8212; \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">REPLY<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -p \"...\" var<\/code>, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">while IFS= read -r line || [ -n \"$line\" ]; do ...; done &lt; file<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-s<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0445\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435; \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">set -x<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ps<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">export<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-t<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 128 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-n 1<\/code> \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-a<\/code> \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432.<\/li>\n<li>\u0424\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438: dash, zsh \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0439 bash \u043d\u0430 macOS \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0441 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 bash \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 bash.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s12\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430: \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c shell, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b Linux \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/linux-basic\/?int_article=linuks-i-read&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u00ab\u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 Linux. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb<\/a>, \u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 &#8212; \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=linuks-i-read&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s13\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c read \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">$1<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">$2<\/code>?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (cron, CI), <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u0423\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 &#8212; \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read<\/code> \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c Enter?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0430, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">read -r -n 1 key<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430. \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0448\u0438-\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 escape-\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">while IFS= read -r line; do ...; done &lt; &lt;(\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430)<\/code>. \u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435, \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">done<\/code>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>read &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 bash, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430), \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 IFS \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 bash-\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435 while read. \u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0422\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 read \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6088,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[141],"class_list":["post-6087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-linux"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 read \u0432 bash: \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441, \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 -r -p -s -t -n -a -d -u, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f REPLY \u0438 IFS, \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432 while read, \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 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