{"id":6065,"date":"2026-09-23T08:54:05","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T08:54:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=6065"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:35:49","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:35:49","slug":"update-v-sql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/update-v-sql\/","title":{"rendered":"UPDATE \u0432 SQL: \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441, WHERE, UPDATE \u0441 JOIN \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a"},"content":{"rendered":"

UPDATE<\/strong> — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 SQL, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 INSERT<\/code>, \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 — DELETE<\/code>, \u0430 UPDATE<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c WHERE<\/code>. \u0411\u0435\u0437 WHERE<\/code> \u043e\u043d \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441: SET \u0438 WHERE<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a: UPDATE \u0431\u0435\u0437 WHERE<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. RETURNING: \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 — \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 (\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e), RETURNING<\/code> \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b 23.09.2026 \u0432 SQLite 3.51, PostgreSQL 18.6 \u0438 MySQL 8.4; T-SQL-\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b \u043d\u0430 Azure SQL Edge (\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a SQL Server 2019), \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 SQL Server 2022.<\/p>\n

    \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n

    \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 — \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d: \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 books<\/code> (\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u044b) \u0438 sales<\/code> (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c). \u0421\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 SQLite \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 sqlite3 -header -column shop.db < shop.sql<\/code>.<\/p>\n

    CREATE<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> (<\/span>\n  <\/span>id<\/span>    <\/span>INTEGER<\/span> <\/span>PRIMARY<\/span> <\/span>KEY<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>TEXT<\/span>    <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span>,<\/span>\n  <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>INTEGER<\/span> <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>CHECK<\/span> (<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>>=<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>),<\/span>\n  <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>INTEGER<\/span> <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>CHECK<\/span> (<\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>><\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\n);<\/span>\nCREATE<\/span> <\/span>TABLE<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span> (<\/span>\n  <\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>INTEGER<\/span> <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>REFERENCES<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>),<\/span>\n  <\/span>qty<\/span>     <\/span>INTEGER<\/span> <\/span>NOT<\/span> <\/span>NULL<\/span> <\/span>CHECK<\/span> (<\/span>qty<\/span> <\/span>><\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\n);<\/span>\nINSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>VALUES<\/span>\n  (<\/span>1<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430'<\/span>, <\/span>12<\/span>, <\/span>650<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>2<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430'<\/span>,       <\/span>3<\/span>, <\/span>540<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>3<\/span>, <\/span>'\u041c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438'<\/span>,        <\/span>2<\/span>, <\/span>480<\/span>),<\/span>\n  (<\/span>4<\/span>, <\/span>'\u0418\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430'<\/span>,              <\/span>7<\/span>, <\/span>720<\/span>);<\/span>\nINSERT<\/span> <\/span>INTO<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span> <\/span>VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>2<\/span>, <\/span>2<\/span>), (<\/span>3<\/span>, <\/span>1<\/span>), (<\/span>2<\/span>, <\/span>1<\/span>);<\/span>\n\nUPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>590<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>;<\/span>\n\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span>, <\/span>title<\/span>, <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 — \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439\u00bb:<\/p>\n
    id  title               price\n--  ------------------  -----\n1   \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430  650\n2   \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430       590\n3   \u041c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438        480\n4   \u0418\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430              720\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0426\u0435\u043d\u044b — \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438: \u0432 SQLite DECIMAL<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. CHECK<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435.<\/p>\n
    \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e UPDATE<\/code>, \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n
    \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441: SET \u0438 WHERE<\/h2>\n
    UPDATE<\/span> \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/span>\nSET<\/span> \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446<\/span>1<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>\n    \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446<\/span>2<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>2<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    SET<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c (\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, CASE<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441), WHERE<\/code> — \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u0423\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 SELECT<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    \u0421\u043a\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0430 15% \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433 \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 5 \u0448\u0442\u0443\u043a:<\/p>\n
    UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>*<\/span> <\/span>85<\/span> <\/span>\/<\/span> <\/span>100<\/span>,<\/span>\n    <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>title<\/span> <\/span>||<\/span> <\/span>' (\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f)'<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span><<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438: \u0443 \u00ab\u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439\u00bb \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 459, \u0443 \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u00bb — 408 (\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 SQLite, PostgreSQL \u0438 SQL Server \u043e\u0442\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0432 MySQL \/<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 INTEGER<\/code> \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f: \u0438\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u044b 7 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f 6, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 5). \u041a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f ||<\/code> \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 SQLite \u0438 PostgreSQL; \u0432 MySQL \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e ||<\/code> — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0418\u041b\u0418, \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d CONCAT(title, ' (\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f)')<\/code>.<\/p>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 SET \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414<\/h3>\n
    \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 UPDATE books SET stock = stock + 1, price = stock WHERE id = 4;<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 (stock = 7) \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414<\/th>\nstock<\/th>\nprice<\/th>\n\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    PostgreSQL 18, SQLite 3.51<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    MySQL 8.4<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e, price<\/code> \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 stock<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432 SET<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n
    \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a: UPDATE \u0431\u0435\u0437 WHERE<\/h2>\n
    \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e — \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n
    UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>500<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442: \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430 500 \u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n
    BEGIN<\/span>;<\/span>\nUPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>500<\/span>;<\/span>\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>changes<\/span>() <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>changed<\/span>;   <\/span>-- SQLite; \u0432 PostgreSQL \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c psql: UPDATE 4<\/span>\nROLLBACK<\/span>;                      <\/span>-- \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 1 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 4 - \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 ROLLBACK<\/code> \u0446\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a 650, 540, 480 \u0438 720. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a: BEGIN<\/code> -> SELECT<\/code> \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 WHERE<\/code> -> UPDATE<\/code> -> \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a -> COMMIT<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 ROLLBACK<\/code>. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 SELECT<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n
    \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 changes()<\/code>: \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f SQLite \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0438 REPLACE<\/code> \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 — \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n
    \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e<\/h3>\n
    \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438: \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u041d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 SELECT<\/code>-\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 UPDATE<\/code>. \u0412 PostgreSQL \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e (Read Committed) \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 SELECT<\/code> \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0438:<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442<\/strong> — BEGIN<\/code>, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430, UPDATE<\/code>, \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a, ROLLBACK<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442.<\/li>\n
    2. \u0411\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a<\/strong> — SELECT ... FOR UPDATE<\/code> \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c COMMIT<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 ROLLBACK<\/code>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      BEGIN<\/span>;<\/span>\nSELECT<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span>, <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>WHERE<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span> <\/span>FOR<\/span> <\/span>UPDATE<\/span>;  <\/span>-- \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 3 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/span>\nUPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span> <\/span>WHERE<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span>;<\/span>\nCOMMIT<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 PostgreSQL \u0438 MySQL (InnoDB). \u0412 SQL Server \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430 WITH (UPDLOCK)<\/code> \u0432 SELECT<\/code>. \u0412 SQLite FOR UPDATE<\/code> \u043d\u0435\u0442: \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443, \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a BEGIN IMMEDIATE<\/code>.<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u0423\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> — \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0432 WHERE<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 UPDATE<\/code>, \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 SELECT<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span> <\/span>AND<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>>=<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>;   <\/span>-- \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0443\u0436\u0435 0, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442 0 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0441 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c (1) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0422\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u043c-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439 (WHERE id = :id AND version = :v<\/code>, \u0432 SET<\/code> — version = version + 1<\/code>) \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n
        \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430: \u0432 PostgreSQL, MySQL \u0438 SQLite \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0430 — \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e BEGIN<\/code> \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 UPDATE<\/code> \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443, \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f.<\/p>\n
        \u0412 MySQL \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c — \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439:<\/p>\n
        SET<\/span> <\/span>SESSION<\/span> <\/span>sql_safe_updates<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>\nUPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>price<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>500<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u0421 WHERE id = 1<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 mysql<\/code> \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c --safe-updates<\/code>. \u0412 PostgreSQL \u0438 SQLite \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442 — \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n
        \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c — \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435:<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>SET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span> <\/span>WHERE<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        SQLite \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c CHECK constraint failed: stock >= 0<\/code>, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u00bb \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 2. \u0411\u0435\u0437 CHECK<\/code> \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n
        \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/h2>\n
        \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430: \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0438 \u0438\u0437 sales<\/code>.<\/p>\n
        \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 1: \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 (\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439)<\/h3>\n
        \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> <\/span>SUM<\/span>(<\/span>qty<\/span>) <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span>\n                     <\/span>WHERE<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span>.<\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442: NOT NULL constraint failed: books.stock<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 NULL<\/code>, \u0430 stock - NULL<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 NULL<\/code>. \u0411\u0435\u0437 NOT NULL<\/code> \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b NULL<\/code>. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438:<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> <\/span>SUM<\/span>(<\/span>qty<\/span>) <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span>\n                     <\/span>WHERE<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span>.<\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>)<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>id<\/span> <\/span>IN<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438: 12, 0, 1, 7 — \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e (\u0443 \u00ab\u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439\u00bb \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0438: 2 + 1). \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414.<\/p>\n
        \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 2: UPDATE \u0441 JOIN — \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c<\/h3>\n
        \u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u00abUPDATE \u0441 JOIN\u00bb \u0432 SQL \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414<\/th>\n\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        PostgreSQL<\/td>\nUPDATE t SET ... FROM \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f WHERE \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SQLite (\u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3.33.0)<\/td>\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432 PostgreSQL: UPDATE t SET ... FROM ... WHERE ...<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        MySQL, MariaDB<\/td>\nUPDATE t JOIN \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f ON ... SET ...<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SQL Server<\/td>\nUPDATE t SET ... FROM t JOIN \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f ON ...<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 (PostgreSQL):<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>qty<\/span>\nFROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442: \u0443 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 2 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a 1 \u0432 PostgreSQL 18 \u0438 2 \u0432 SQLite 3.51 (MySQL 8.4 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c JOIN<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u043b 1), \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e 0. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 books<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a sales<\/code>, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 — \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e. \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u0445\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\n
        \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430. PostgreSQL \u0438 SQLite:<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>sold<\/span>\nFROM<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>, <\/span>SUM<\/span>(<\/span>qty<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>sold<\/span>\n      <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span> <\/span>GROUP<\/span> <\/span>BY<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        MySQL:<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>\nJOIN<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>, <\/span>SUM<\/span>(<\/span>qty<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>sold<\/span>\n      <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span> <\/span>GROUP<\/span> <\/span>BY<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>ON<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>sold<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        SQL Server (T-SQL):<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>sold<\/span>\nFROM<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>\nJOIN<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>, <\/span>SUM<\/span>(<\/span>qty<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>sold<\/span>\n      <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span> <\/span>GROUP<\/span> <\/span>BY<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>ON<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u0412\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 12, 0, 1, 7. \u0412 MySQL UPDATE ... JOIN<\/code> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446, \u043d\u043e ORDER BY<\/code> \u0438 LIMIT<\/code> \u0432 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b — \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e UPDATE<\/code> \u0432 MySQL.<\/p>\n
        RETURNING: \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/h2>\n
        RETURNING<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f PostgreSQL 18:<\/p>\n
        UPDATE<\/span> <\/span>books<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>\nSET<\/span> <\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>sold<\/span>\nFROM<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>, <\/span>SUM<\/span>(<\/span>qty<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>sold<\/span>\n      <\/span>FROM<\/span> <\/span>sales<\/span> <\/span>GROUP<\/span> <\/span>BY<\/span> <\/span>book_id<\/span>) <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>\nWHERE<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>book_id<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>\nRETURNING<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>, <\/span>old<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>was<\/span>, <\/span>new<\/span>.<\/span>stock<\/span> <\/span>AS<\/span> <\/span>now<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
         id | was | now\n----+-----+-----\n  2 |   3 |   0\n  3 |   2 |   1\n(2 rows)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a old<\/code> \u0438 new<\/code> \u0432 RETURNING<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 PostgreSQL 18; \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f\u0445 RETURNING<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414<\/th>\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        PostgreSQL<\/td>\nRETURNING<\/code> (\u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 18 — \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 old.*<\/code>\/new.*<\/code>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SQLite<\/td>\nRETURNING<\/code> \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3.35.0, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SQL Server<\/td>\nOUTPUT inserted.stock, deleted.stock<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        MySQL 8.4<\/td>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 SELECT<\/code> \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c<\/h2>\n