{"id":5081,"date":"2026-09-21T07:12:20","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T07:12:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=5081"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:39:55","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:39:55","slug":"osobennosti-interpretatorov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/osobennosti-interpretatorov\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0430\u044f: \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 (\u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c JIT).<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 JIT: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 CPython<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">JIT: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041f\u043b\u044e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c (\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440, AST, \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430), \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b CPython, V8, PHP \u0438 Ruby.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 JIT: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/h2>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 (AOT, ahead-of-time)<\/strong> &#8212; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u041d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">.exe<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 ELF), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 C \u0438 C++ \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 GCC \u0438\u043b\u0438 Clang, Go, Rust.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong> &#8212; \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c. \u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><strong>JIT (just-in-time)<\/strong> &#8212; \u0433\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434: \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 (\u00ab\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0435\u00bb) \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u00ab\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u00bb &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430. Python \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f (CPython) \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/h2>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0435\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u041b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 (\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0440).<\/strong> \u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u044b: \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">2 + 3<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">NUMBER(2)<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">PLUS<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">NUMBER(3)<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 (\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440).<\/strong> \u0418\u0437 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e &#8212; <strong>AST<\/strong> (abstract syntax tree, \u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e). \u041e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443: \u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043a\u0430-\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438. \u041b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 AST \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e (tree-walking), \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 AST \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 <strong>\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 <strong>\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tree-walking \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 &#8212; \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 tree-walking \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ast<\/code>, \u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">operator<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">OPS<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Add<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">add<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Sub<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sub<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Mult<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">mul<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Div<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">truediv<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">interpret<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">expr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">str<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">tree<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">parse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">expr<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">mode<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"eval\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">body<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c AST<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">ev<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>                             <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">isinstance<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Constant<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">value<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">isinstance<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ast<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BinOp<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">left<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ev<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">left<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">right<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ev<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">right<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">OPS<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">type<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">op<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)](<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">left<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">right<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">raise<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0437\u0435\u043b\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ev<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">node<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">tree<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">interpret<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"2 + 3 * 4\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044e 14, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 20: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">14<\/code>. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 &#8212; \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 AST, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d: \u043e\u043d \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u0434\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">interpret<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"2 +\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">SyntaxError: invalid syntax\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">2 + 0<\/code>. \u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430, \u0434\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 CPython<\/h2>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 Python \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 AST \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e &#8212; \u043e\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u0423\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">dis<\/code>.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">dis<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">add<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">dis<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">dis<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">add<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">  2           RESUME                   0\n\n  3           LOAD_FAST                a\n              LOAD_FAST                b\n              BINARY_OP                0 (+)\n              RETURN_VALUE\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">LOAD_FAST<\/code> \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">BINARY_OP<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">RETURN_VALUE<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442. \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 CPython \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a. \u0422\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u043f\u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 CPython, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f Python \u043a\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">__pycache__<\/code> (\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">.pyc<\/code>), \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 &#8212; \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">JIT: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0427\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443. JIT \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432: \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>JavaScript, V8<\/strong> (Chrome, Node.js). \u0414\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 Ignition, \u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b (Maglev, TurboFan) \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PHP<\/strong> (Zend Engine). \u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u043a\u043e\u0434\u044b, OPcache \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442; \u0441 PHP 8.0 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d JIT \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ruby<\/strong> (CRuby). \u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 YARV; YJIT \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 JIT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Python<\/strong> (CPython). \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 JIT \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e; \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 JIT \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0422\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c \u043e \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434: \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435\u00bb \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e. \u0423 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0438 JIT \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0439. \u0420\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0438 AOT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430; JIT-\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 (AOT)<\/th>\n<th>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434<\/td>\n<td>\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 (\u0441\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 JIT)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041f\u043b\u044e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0411\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430-\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a: \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c: \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0413\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c: \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 (REPL), \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430; JIT \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432.<\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0423\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u00ab\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435\u00bb \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b: \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f JIT, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b; \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435.<\/li>\n<li>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c: \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442 AST, \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439.<\/li>\n<li>JIT &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434: \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443 (V8, PHP 8, Ruby YJIT).<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u00bb &#8212; \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430: CPython, V8, Zend \u0438 CRuby \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438 JIT.<\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e; \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 (\u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435, \u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438), \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f REPL \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">dis<\/code>, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0432 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 Python \u0438 C. Python &#8212; \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430-\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/python-basic\/?int_article=osobennosti-interpretatorov&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">Python Basic<\/a> &#8212; \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=osobennosti-interpretatorov&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/a> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Python \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0418 \u0442\u043e, \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435. CPython \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 (\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">.pyc<\/code>), \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439. \u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e, \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u043a \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435. \u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. JIT \u0432 V8, PHP \u0438 Ruby \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430-\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0430\u044f: \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":5082,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-5081","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-programmirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 exe. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 JIT, \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 Python \u0438 JavaScript.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. 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