{"id":4814,"date":"2026-09-21T07:12:48","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T07:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=4814"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:39:31","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:39:31","slug":"statistika-i-dannye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/statistika-i-dannye\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435: \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u043e \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 &#8212; \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442: \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0443, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0432 Python, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u041a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u0428\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u041c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u041a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0445<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a (\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f)<\/strong> &#8212; \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 (\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434, \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 (\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u041a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/strong> \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u0432\u0435\u0441, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435. \u0418\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/strong> &#8212; \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0443 (\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432). \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 2 \u0438 3 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442 2.5;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/strong> &#8212; \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435, \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 178.4 \u0441\u043c, \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 36.6). \u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u041a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/strong> (\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438) \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e: \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434, \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430 &#8212; \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0443\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c\u00bb. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 &#8212; <strong>\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/strong>: \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0434\u0430\/\u043d\u0435\u0442, 1\/0), \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044c: \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 &#8212; \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u0428\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f &#8212; \u043f\u043e \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0421\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430). \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0428\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th>\n<th>\u041c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \/ \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043e\u043b, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434, \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a (\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\/\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435)<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e-\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u00bb, \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u044e, \u0433\u043e\u0434<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 (\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u0432\u0435\u0441, \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b &#8212; \u0432 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435. \u0423 \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u00ab20 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0435 10\u00bb \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e. \u0423 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0438 \u00ab2 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u00bb \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c: \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b \u043a \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 &#8212; \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u00ab\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u00bb \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 (\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435)<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c: \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437 6 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a (\u0442\u044b\u0441. \u0440\u0443\u0431): 60, 65, 70, 70, 75, 300.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430 = 640, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 = 640 \/ 6 = 106.7 (\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e);<\/li>\n<li>\u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 = \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 = (70 + 70) \/ 2 = 70;<\/li>\n<li>\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430 = 70 (\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0432 Python \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">statistics<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">statistics<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">zarplaty<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">60<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">65<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">70<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">70<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">75<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">300<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">]<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u0440\u0443\u0431, 6 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">mean<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">zarplaty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>    <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 106.66666666666667<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">median<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">zarplaty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 70.0<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">mode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">zarplaty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>    <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 70<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 106.7 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 &#8212; \u043e\u043d\u043e \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u043e\u00bb \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 300. \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 70 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043a <strong>\u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043c<\/strong> &#8212; \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c, \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043f-\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0439 300 \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u00ab\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430\u00bb \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 (\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0446\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430), \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 <strong>\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0443<\/strong>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430: \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 300 \u043d\u0430 3000 &#8212; \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 70.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e; \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u044b &#8212; \u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442 (\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u041c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e &#8212; \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0445<\/strong> &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0421\u041a\u041e)<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438; \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0445 (IQR)<\/strong> &#8212; \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 50% \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 <strong>\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e<\/strong> \u0438 <strong>\u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443<\/strong>. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c; \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 n. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 <strong>n &#8212; 1<\/strong> (\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f) &#8212; \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412 Python \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440: 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 = 40 \/ 8 = 5;<\/li>\n<li>\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e: -3, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 2, 4;<\/li>\n<li>\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: 9, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 4, 16; \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430 = 32;<\/li>\n<li>\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 = 32 \/ 8 = 4, \u0421\u041a\u041e = 2;<\/li>\n<li>\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 = 32 \/ 7 = 4.57 (\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e), \u0421\u041a\u041e = 2.14.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">statistics<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">]<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pvariance<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 4                   \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c n (\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">pstdev<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>     <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 2.0<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">variance<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>   <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 4.571428571428571   \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c n-1 (\u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">st<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">stdev<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>      <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 2.138089935299395<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u041a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0445<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438<\/strong> \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438: Q1 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0435 25%, Q2 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430, Q3 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0435 75%. \u041c\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0445 IQR = Q3 &#8212; Q1.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">numpy<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">np<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">np<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">array<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">([<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">11<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">13<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">])<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">np<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">median<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>          <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 7.0<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">np<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">percentile<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">25<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 4.0    Q1 (\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 linear)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">np<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">percentile<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">75<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 10.0   Q3<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">np<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">percentile<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">75<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">np<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">percentile<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">25<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 6.0  IQR<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e Q1\/Q3 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438. numpy \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 Q1 = 4.0; \u00ab\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00bb \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0422\u044c\u044e\u043a\u0438) \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0442 Q1 = 3. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>IQR &#8212; \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432: \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 Q1 &#8212; 1.5 * IQR \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 Q3 + 1.5 * IQR.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/h2>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c &#8212; <strong>\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>: \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442.<\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u00ab68-95-99.7\u00bb: \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 68% \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u041a\u041e \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e, 95% &#8212; \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445, 99.7% &#8212; \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 (\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430) \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e &#8212; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b; \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 &#8212; \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n<li>\u041c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 &#8212; \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430; \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u0421\u041a\u041e \u0438 IQR.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435.<\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 n, \u043f\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 &#8212; \u043d\u0430 n &#8212; 1 (\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f).<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u00ab68-95-99.7\u00bb &#8212; \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0448\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0442\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 A\/B-\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439 pandas \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 numpy, \u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/data-analyst\/?int_article=statistika-i-dannye&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/a>: \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=statistika-i-dannye&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443 (\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438). \u0418\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c &#8212; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0442 1 \u0434\u043e 5?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u00ab\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e\u00bb \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e; \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0418\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0443). \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f: \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 NaN, \u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 &#8212; 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