{"id":4719,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=4719"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:28:13","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:28:13","slug":"slovar-v-si-sharp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/slovar-v-si-sharp\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0432 C#: Dictionary — \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0440"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0432 C#<\/strong> — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440 \u00ab\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 — \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0443. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f — \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 Dictionary<TKey, TValue><\/code> \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d System.Collections.Generic<\/code>, \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0435\u0448-\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430: \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0443 \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 O(1), \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u0435\u0448-\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: Add, \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043b\u0438 TryAdd<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0443: \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, TryGetValue, GetValueOrDefault<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f foreach<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430: \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442: GetHashCode, Equals \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. Dictionary \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c: \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c -> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 — \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c (\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c Add<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430), \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 TryGetValue<\/code>, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 .NET 10 (SDK 10.0.401, C# 14) 24.09.2026.<\/p>\n

    \u0422\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c<\/td>\n\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 -> \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb (\u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 — map, \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    IDictionary<TKey, TValue><\/code><\/td>\n\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Dictionary<TKey, TValue><\/code><\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0435\u0448-\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n
    using<\/span> <\/span>System<\/span>;<\/span>\nusing<\/span> <\/span>System.Collections.Generic<\/span>;<\/span>\n\nvar<\/span> <\/span>ages<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>Dictionary<\/span><<\/span>string<\/span>, <\/span>int<\/span>><\/span>\n{<\/span>\n    <\/span>[\"\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430\"]<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>28<\/span>,<\/span>\n    <\/span>[\"\u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\"]<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>35<\/span>\n};<\/span>\n\nages<\/span>.<\/span>Add<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0430\"<\/span>, <\/span>22<\/span>);          <\/span>\/\/ \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447<\/span>\nages<\/span>[<\/span>\"\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430\"<\/span>] <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>29<\/span>;             <\/span>\/\/ \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>\n\nif<\/span> (<\/span>ages<\/span>.<\/span>TryGetValue<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\"<\/span>, <\/span>out<\/span> <\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>borisAge<\/span>))<\/span>\n    <\/span>Console<\/span>.<\/span>WriteLine<\/span>(<\/span>$\"\u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441: {borisAge}\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n\nConsole<\/span>.<\/span>WriteLine<\/span>(<\/span>$\"\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0413\u043b\u0435\u0431? {ages.ContainsKey(\"<\/span>\u0413\u043b\u0435\u0431<\/span>\")}\"<\/span>);<\/span>\nConsole<\/span>.<\/span>WriteLine<\/span>(<\/span>$\"\u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0443: {ages.Remove(\"<\/span>\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/span>\")}\"<\/span>);<\/span>\nConsole<\/span>.<\/span>WriteLine<\/span>(<\/span>$\"\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e: {ages.Count}\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n\nforeach<\/span> (<\/span>var<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>, <\/span>age<\/span>) <\/span>in<\/span> <\/span>ages<\/span>)<\/span>\n    <\/span>Console<\/span>.<\/span>WriteLine<\/span>(<\/span>$\"{name} -> {age}\"<\/span>);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n
    \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441: 35\n\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0413\u043b\u0435\u0431? False\n\u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0443: True\n\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e: 2\n\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 -> 29\n\u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441 -> 35\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c:<\/p>\n