{"id":4313,"date":"2026-09-20T05:35:13","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T05:35:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=4313"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:41:54","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:41:54","slug":"klient-servernaya-model-v-pitone-i-sokety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/klient-servernaya-model-v-pitone-i-sokety\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432 Python \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b: \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 (\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440) \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f (\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442) \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0448\u043b\u0435\u0442. \u0412 Python \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">socket<\/code> &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b. \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c TCP, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 UDP, \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 loopback (127.0.0.1) \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">TCP \u0438 UDP: \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c socket: \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 CPython 3.12 \u043f\u043e\u0434 macOS 20 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">socket<\/code> \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 Linux, macOS \u0438 Windows, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n<p>\u0420\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c, \u00ab\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 (\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">socket.socket()<\/code>);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">listen()<\/code>;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">accept()<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430; \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0422\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e TCP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0430: \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e) \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 &#8212; \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430 Python \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430: TCP \u0438 UDP.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">TCP \u0438 UDP: \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>TCP \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b. \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0430 &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>UDP \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442: \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443, \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u043e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0442. \u0417\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0430, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/th>\n<th>TCP<\/th>\n<th>UDP<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f (\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435)<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a<\/td>\n<td>\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0439<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432 Python<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">SOCK_STREAM<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">SOCK_DGRAM<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<td>HTTP, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0430, \u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b, \u0411\u0414<\/td>\n<td>DNS, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0433, \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c TCP-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c socket: \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c. \u0414\u043b\u044f TCP \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 IPv4 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># AF_INET - \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f IPv4, SOCK_STREAM - \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b TCP<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sock<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">AF_INET<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SOCK_STREAM<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">family<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">AF_INET<\/code> (IPv4) \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">AF_INET6<\/code> (IPv6);<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">type<\/code> &#8212; \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">SOCK_STREAM<\/code> (TCP) \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">SOCK_DGRAM<\/code> (UDP);<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">proto<\/code> &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0<\/code> (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0410\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">(host, port)<\/code>. \u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b 0-1023 &#8212; \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 (HTTP, SSH \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0435), \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 1023, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 5050.<\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435. \u0423 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bind()<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043a \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">listen()<\/code> \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">accept()<\/code> \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">(\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442_\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441)<\/code>. \u0423 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">connect()<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443. \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sendall()<\/code> \u0448\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">recv(n)<\/code> \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">n<\/code> \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">close()<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n<p>\u042d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">server.py<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HOST<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"127.0.0.1\"<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># loopback: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">PORT<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5050<\/span>         <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 1023<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">AF_INET<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SOCK_STREAM<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">server<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># SO_REUSEADDR - \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0441 \"address already in use\"<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">server<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">setsockopt<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SOL_SOCKET<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SO_REUSEADDR<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">server<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">bind<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HOST<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">PORT<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">server<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">listen<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HOST<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}:{<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">PORT<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">conn<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">addr<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">server<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">accept<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>   <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">conn<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">addr<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">while<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">True<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">conn<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">recv<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1024<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>     <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e 1024 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">not<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>               <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b = \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>\n                <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n                <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">break<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">decode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">conn<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sendall<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>         <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">server<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">conn<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043a <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">127.0.0.1<\/code> \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0.0.0.0<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043d\u0435 &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443, \u0448\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442. \u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">client.py<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HOST<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"127.0.0.1\"<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">PORT<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5050<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">AF_INET<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">socket<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SOCK_STREAM<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">client<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">client<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">connect<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HOST<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">PORT<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">message<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\"<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">client<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">sendall<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">message<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>   <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">client<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">recv<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1024<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">decode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'utf-8'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0437 with \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 -&gt; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 recv<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encode(\"utf-8\")<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">decode(\"utf-8\")<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434<\/h2>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445: \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b 1<\/span>\npython3<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>server.py\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b 2 (\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430)<\/span>\npython3<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>client.py<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 (\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435):<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 127.0.0.1:5050\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442: (&#x27;127.0.0.1&#x27;, 63935)\n\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\n\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b \u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">with<\/code> \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442, \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">recv<\/code> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c: TCP &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">recv(1024)<\/code> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sendall()<\/code>, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 TCP \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 &#8212; \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438 HTTP.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">accept()<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b, \u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e &#8212; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">threading<\/code>), \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">asyncio<\/code>). \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 &#8212; \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">recv<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sendall<\/code> \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432 Python \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">socket<\/code>: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bind<\/code> -&gt; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">listen<\/code> -&gt; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">accept<\/code>, \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">connect<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f) \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">accept<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430.<\/li>\n<li>TCP \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">SOCK_STREAM<\/code>), UDP &#8212; \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0439 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">SOCK_DGRAM<\/code>); \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 TCP.<\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encode<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">decode<\/code>; TCP &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">recv<\/code> \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b &#8212; \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430: \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044d\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 IoT-\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">socket<\/code>. \u041f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 TCP \u0438 UDP.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b Python, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/python-basic\/?int_article=klient-servernaya-model-v-pitone-i-sokety&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">Python Basic<\/a>. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=klient-servernaya-model-v-pitone-i-sokety&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a> &#8212; \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">send<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">sendall<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">recv<\/code> \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">encode(\"utf-8\")<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">decode(\"utf-8\")<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u00abAddress already in use\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u041e\u0421. \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)<\/code> \u0434\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bind<\/code>, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 1023.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0430, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 loopback <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">127.0.0.1<\/code>: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 (\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440) \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f (\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442) \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 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