{"id":4308,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=4308"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:29:04","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:29:04","slug":"klient-servernye-modeli-v-dzhave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/klient-servernye-modeli-v-dzhave\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 Java: \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 Java<\/strong> — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 ServerSocket<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 Socket<\/code> \u043a \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 Socket<\/code>, \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 TCP).<\/p>\n

\n

\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. \u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e production<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 — \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u0412\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 OpenJDK 25.0.4 (Java 25 LTS, Linux) 24.09.2026.<\/p>\n

    \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n

    \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u0445 \u043e \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0438. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432 Java<\/th>\n\u0427\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/td>\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 (ServerSocket<\/code>) \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n\u041d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ServerSocket<\/code><\/td>\n\u00ab\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f\u00bb: \u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 Socket<\/code><\/td>\n\u0421\u0430\u043c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Socket<\/code><\/td>\n\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f; \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0438 \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/td>\n\u041d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 (stream)<\/td>\nInputStream<\/code> \/ OutputStream<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 — \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n\u041d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (thread)<\/td>\nThread<\/code>: \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443<\/td>\n\u041d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u041f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 ServerSocket<\/code> \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 accept()<\/code>, \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, accept()<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 Socket<\/code>, \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442 \u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n

    \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u044d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/h2>\n

    \u042d\u0445\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 echo:<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 bye<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0421\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n

    EchoServer.java<\/code>:<\/p>\n

    import<\/span> <\/span>java.io.*<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.net.*<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets<\/span>;<\/span>\n\npublic<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> EchoServer<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> <\/span>args<\/span>) <\/span>throws<\/span> <\/span>IOException<\/span> {<\/span>\n        <\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>port<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>5050<\/span>;<\/span>\n        <\/span>\/\/ \u0421\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e 127.0.0.1: \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d<\/span>\n        <\/span>try<\/span> (<\/span>ServerSocket<\/span> <\/span>server<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>ServerSocket<\/span>(<\/span>port<\/span>, <\/span>50<\/span>, <\/span>InetAddress<\/span>.<\/span>getLoopbackAddress<\/span>())) {<\/span>\n            <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>getLocalSocketAddress<\/span>());<\/span>\n            <\/span>while<\/span> (<\/span>true<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                <\/span>try<\/span> (<\/span>Socket<\/span> <\/span>client<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>accept<\/span>();<\/span>\n                     <\/span>BufferedReader<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>BufferedReader<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>InputStreamReader<\/span>(<\/span>\n                             <\/span>client<\/span>.<\/span>getInputStream<\/span>(), <\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>));<\/span>\n                     <\/span>PrintWriter<\/span> <\/span>out<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>PrintWriter<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>OutputStreamWriter<\/span>(<\/span>\n                             <\/span>client<\/span>.<\/span>getOutputStream<\/span>(), <\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>), <\/span>true<\/span>)) {<\/span>\n                    <\/span>client<\/span>.<\/span>setSoTimeout<\/span>(<\/span>30_000<\/span>); <\/span>\/\/ \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 30 \u0441 = \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432<\/span>\n                    <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>client<\/span>.<\/span>getRemoteSocketAddress<\/span>());<\/span>\n                    <\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>line<\/span>;<\/span>\n                    <\/span>while<\/span> ((<\/span>line<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span>.<\/span>readLine<\/span>()) <\/span>!=<\/span> <\/span>null<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                        <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>line<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>\"bye\"<\/span>)) {<\/span>\n                            <\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0414\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n                            <\/span>break<\/span>;<\/span>\n                        }<\/span>\n                        <\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"echo: \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>line<\/span>);<\/span>\n                    }<\/span>\n                    <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n                } <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>SocketTimeoutException<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                    <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043b 30 \u0441, \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n                } <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                    <\/span>\/\/ \u043e\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 (Connection reset) \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0440\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/span>\n                    <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0421\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e: \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>getMessage<\/span>());<\/span>\n                }<\/span>\n            }<\/span>\n        }<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    EchoClient.java<\/code>:<\/p>\n
    import<\/span> <\/span>java.io.*<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.net.*<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets<\/span>;<\/span>\n\npublic<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> EchoClient<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> <\/span>args<\/span>) <\/span>throws<\/span> <\/span>IOException<\/span> {<\/span>\n        <\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> <\/span>messages<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>args<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span> <\/span>><\/span> <\/span>0<\/span> <\/span>?<\/span> <\/span>args<\/span> : <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> {<\/span>\"\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\"<\/span>, <\/span>\"\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 Java\"<\/span>, <\/span>\"bye\"<\/span>};<\/span>\n        <\/span>try<\/span> (<\/span>Socket<\/span> <\/span>socket<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>Socket<\/span>()) {<\/span>\n            <\/span>socket<\/span>.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>InetSocketAddress<\/span>(<\/span>\"127.0.0.1\"<\/span>, <\/span>5050<\/span>), <\/span>3_000<\/span>); <\/span>\/\/ \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span>\n            <\/span>socket<\/span>.<\/span>setSoTimeout<\/span>(<\/span>5_000<\/span>);                                      <\/span>\/\/ \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/span>\n            <\/span>BufferedReader<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>BufferedReader<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>InputStreamReader<\/span>(<\/span>\n                    <\/span>socket<\/span>.<\/span>getInputStream<\/span>(), <\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>));<\/span>\n            <\/span>PrintWriter<\/span> <\/span>out<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>PrintWriter<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>OutputStreamWriter<\/span>(<\/span>\n                    <\/span>socket<\/span>.<\/span>getOutputStream<\/span>(), <\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>), <\/span>true<\/span>);<\/span>\n            <\/span>for<\/span> (<\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>msg<\/span> : <\/span>messages<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                <\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>msg<\/span>);                          <\/span>\/\/ println + autoflush = \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/span>\n                <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442: \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span>.<\/span>readLine<\/span>());<\/span>\n            }<\/span>\n        }<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 Java 11 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c — \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442:<\/p>\n
    java <\/span>EchoServer.java\njava <\/span>EchoClient.java<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n
    \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442: echo: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\n\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442: echo: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 Java\n\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u0414\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0410 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c (\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439):<\/p>\n
    \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 localhost\/127.0.0.1:5050\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \/127.0.0.1:37682\n\u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c<\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. new ServerSocket(port, 50, InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress())<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 5050 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435 127.0.0.1. \u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e 50 — \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 (backlog); \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/li>\n
    2. server.accept()<\/code> \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 Socket<\/code> \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n
    3. \u0411\u0430\u0439\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0441 \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 StandardCharsets.UTF_8<\/code> — \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0421.<\/li>\n
    4. PrintWriter(..., true)<\/code> \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441: \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 println<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e.<\/li>\n
    5. readLine()<\/code> \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 null<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439: \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n
    6. setSoTimeout<\/code> \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 SocketTimeoutException<\/code>, \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430. \u0423 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 connect(..., 3_000)<\/code>.<\/li>\n
    7. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 catch (IOException e)<\/code> \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0432 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e SocketException: Connection reset<\/code> \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437 main<\/code> \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 — \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 Connection refused<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437<\/h2>\n
      \u0412 EchoServer<\/code> \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u043e accept()<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u00ab\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0435\u00bb \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 bash, \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u043c — \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442:<\/p>\n
      exec<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span><>\/dev\/tcp\/127.0.0.1\/5050\njava <\/span>EchoClient.java <\/span>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f (\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u041e\u0421 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c backlog), \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 5 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n
      Exception in thread "main" java.net.SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f (exec 3>&-<\/code>), \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0445\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0438\u043c\u043e, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 — \u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n
      \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/h2>\n
      \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 — \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443: \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430: \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n
      PoolServer.java<\/code>:<\/p>\n
      import<\/span> <\/span>java.io.*<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.net.*<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets<\/span>;<\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>java.util.concurrent.*<\/span>;<\/span>\n\npublic<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> PoolServer<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>final<\/span> <\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>PORT<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>5050<\/span>;<\/span>\n    <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>final<\/span> <\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>MAX_CLIENTS<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>100<\/span>;  <\/span>\/\/ \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/span>\n    <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>final<\/span> <\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>MAX_LINE<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>1024<\/span>;    <\/span>\/\/ \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> <\/span>args<\/span>) <\/span>throws<\/span> <\/span>IOException<\/span> {<\/span>\n        <\/span>ExecutorService<\/span> <\/span>pool<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>Executors<\/span>.<\/span>newFixedThreadPool<\/span>(<\/span>MAX_CLIENTS<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>try<\/span> (<\/span>ServerSocket<\/span> <\/span>server<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>ServerSocket<\/span>(<\/span>PORT<\/span>, <\/span>50<\/span>, <\/span>InetAddress<\/span>.<\/span>getLoopbackAddress<\/span>())) {<\/span>\n            <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>getLocalSocketAddress<\/span>());<\/span>\n            <\/span>while<\/span> (<\/span>true<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                <\/span>Socket<\/span> <\/span>client<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>accept<\/span>();   <\/span>\/\/ \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/span>\n                <\/span>pool<\/span>.<\/span>submit<\/span>(() <\/span>-><\/span> <\/span>handle<\/span>(<\/span>client<\/span>)); <\/span>\/\/ \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430<\/span>\n            }<\/span>\n        } <\/span>finally<\/span> {<\/span>\n            <\/span>pool<\/span>.<\/span>shutdown<\/span>();<\/span>\n        }<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span> <\/span>handle<\/span>(<\/span>Socket<\/span> <\/span>client<\/span>) {<\/span>\n        <\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>worker<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>Thread<\/span>.<\/span>currentThread<\/span>().<\/span>getName<\/span>();<\/span>\n        <\/span>try<\/span> (<\/span>client<\/span>) {<\/span>\n            <\/span>client<\/span>.<\/span>setSoTimeout<\/span>(<\/span>30_000<\/span>);<\/span>\n            <\/span>InputStream<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>BufferedInputStream<\/span>(<\/span>client<\/span>.<\/span>getInputStream<\/span>());<\/span>\n            <\/span>PrintWriter<\/span> <\/span>out<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>PrintWriter<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>OutputStreamWriter<\/span>(<\/span>\n                    <\/span>client<\/span>.<\/span>getOutputStream<\/span>(), <\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>), <\/span>true<\/span>);<\/span>\n            <\/span>try<\/span> {<\/span>\n                <\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>line<\/span>;<\/span>\n                <\/span>while<\/span> ((<\/span>line<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>readLine<\/span>(<\/span>in<\/span>)) <\/span>!=<\/span> <\/span>null<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                    <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>line<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>\"bye\"<\/span>)) {<\/span>\n                        <\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0414\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n                        <\/span>break<\/span>;<\/span>\n                    }<\/span>\n                    <\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"echo: \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>line<\/span>);<\/span>\n                    <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>worker<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\" <- \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>line<\/span>);<\/span>\n                }<\/span>\n            } <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>LineTooLongException<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                <\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>getMessage<\/span>()); <\/span>\/\/ \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c<\/span>\n                <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>worker<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\": \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>getMessage<\/span>());<\/span>\n            }<\/span>\n        } <\/span>catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>) {<\/span>\n            <\/span>System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>worker<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\": \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>getMessage<\/span>());<\/span>\n        }<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>\/\/ readLine \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c: \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/span>\n    <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>readLine<\/span>(<\/span>InputStream<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span>) <\/span>throws<\/span> <\/span>IOException<\/span> {<\/span>\n        <\/span>ByteArrayOutputStream<\/span> <\/span>buf<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>ByteArrayOutputStream<\/span>();<\/span>\n        <\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span>;<\/span>\n        <\/span>while<\/span> ((<\/span>b<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span>.<\/span>read<\/span>()) <\/span>!=<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span>1<\/span> <\/span>&&<\/span> <\/span>b<\/span> <\/span>!=<\/span> <\/span>'\\n'<\/span>) {<\/span>\n            <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>buf<\/span>.<\/span>size<\/span>() <\/span>>=<\/span> <\/span>MAX_LINE<\/span>) {<\/span>\n                <\/span>throw<\/span> <\/span>new<\/span> <\/span>LineTooLongException<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \"<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>MAX_LINE<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>\" \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n            }<\/span>\n            <\/span>buf<\/span>.<\/span>write<\/span>(<\/span>b<\/span>);<\/span>\n        }<\/span>\n        <\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>b<\/span> <\/span>==<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span>1<\/span> <\/span>&&<\/span> <\/span>buf<\/span>.<\/span>size<\/span>() <\/span>==<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>) {<\/span>\n            <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>null<\/span>; <\/span>\/\/ \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>\n        }<\/span>\n        <\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>buf<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>(<\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>);<\/span>\n        <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>endsWith<\/span>(<\/span>\"\\r\"<\/span>) <\/span>?<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>substring<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>, <\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span>() <\/span>-<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>) : <\/span>s<\/span>;<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>static<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> LineTooLongException<\/span> <\/span>extends<\/span> <\/span>IOException<\/span> {<\/span>\n        <\/span>LineTooLongException<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> <\/span>message<\/span>) { <\/span>super<\/span>(<\/span>message<\/span>); }<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435: java PoolServer.java<\/code>, \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437 bash \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e, — \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443. \u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n
      \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 localhost\/127.0.0.1:5050\npool-1-thread-2 <- \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\npool-1-thread-3 <- \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 B\npool-1-thread-4 <- \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 C\npool-1-thread-5 <- \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 A\npool-1-thread-6: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 1024 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\npool-1-thread-1: Read timed out\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a pool-1-thread-1<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 30 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b A, B \u0438 C \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0437 5000 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430: \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 1024 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442<\/code>, \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e.<\/p>\n
      \u041b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0445: \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432 UTF-8 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 1 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u043a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 — 2, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432 1024 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 512 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432.<\/p>\n
      \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c. newFixedThreadPool(100)<\/code> \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e 100 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0430 101-\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a. \u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043b\u044b\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442; \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n
      \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/th>\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/th>\n\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a<\/td>\naccept()<\/code> \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435<\/td>\n\u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430<\/td>\nnew Thread(...)<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430: \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u041f\u0443\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/td>\nExecutors.newFixedThreadPool(n)<\/code><\/td>\n\u0421\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/td>\nExecutors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor()<\/code>, Java 21+<\/td>\n\u0422\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c; \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 Semaphore<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u041d\u0435\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434-\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434<\/td>\njava.nio.channels.Selector<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a (Netty)<\/td>\n\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \u0414\u043b\u044f HTTP \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0438 TLS \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b (Tomcat, Jetty, Netty, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 Spring Boot). \u0420\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 TCP \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n
      \u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n
      \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 — \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430:<\/p>\n
      import<\/span> <\/span>java.net.ServerSocket<\/span>;<\/span>\n\npublic<\/span> <\/span>class<\/span> ServerSide<\/span> {<\/span>\n    <\/span>private<\/span> <\/span>ServerSocket<\/span> <\/span>server<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>null<\/span>;<\/span>\n\n    <\/span>public<\/span> <\/span>Server<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> <\/span>port<\/span>) {   <\/span>\/\/ \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430<\/span>\n        <\/span>\/\/ ...<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
      javac \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434:<\/p>\n
      ServerSide.java:6: error: invalid method declaration; return type required\n    public Server(int port) {   \/\/ \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\n           ^\n1 error\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 (public ServerSide(int port)<\/code>) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n
      \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435. \u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 — \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0438\u0449\u0443\u0442:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/th>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/th>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused<\/code> \u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441<\/td>\n\u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442; \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 127.0.0.1 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      java.net.BindException: Address already in use<\/code> \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/td>\n\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442 — \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/td>\n\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n\u0421\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/td>\nprintln<\/code> \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441 PrintWriter<\/code>; \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440; \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out<\/code><\/td>\n\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f setSoTimeout<\/code><\/td>\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443; \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      java.net.SocketException: Connection reset<\/code><\/td>\n\u0421\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c IOException<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u041a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044b\u00bb<\/td>\n\u0421\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/td>\n\u042f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c StandardCharsets.UTF_8<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 DataInputStream.readUTF()<\/code>, \u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c println<\/code>. readUTF<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 writeUTF<\/code> (\u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 UTF-8), \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n
      \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e production<\/h2>\n
      \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 — \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 (\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0443\u0442\u044b, \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e 127.0.0.1), \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0443, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b:<\/p>\n