{"id":2640,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=2640"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:30:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:30:19","slug":"peremennye-v-dzhave-tipy-i-ih-osobennosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/peremennye-v-dzhave-tipy-i-ih-osobennosti\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 Java: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 Java<\/strong> \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439: \u0443 <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code>), \u0443 <strong>\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code>. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441: \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u00ab\u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b, \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439, \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u00bb \u043a \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/strong>, \u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b: \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">char<\/code> \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">boolean<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b: \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438, \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0432 Java<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">byte<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">short<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">long<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0422\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">float<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">double<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int[]<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String[]<\/code> \u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 (\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 (\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0438\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">java.lang<\/code>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">char<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">boolean<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Object<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">List<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code> \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0442\u044b\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 Java 25 (Temurin 25.0.4), \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">java \u0418\u043c\u044f.java<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/strong> &#8212; \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0430, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> &#8212; \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439: \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0443 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/strong> &#8212; \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u0447\u0435 (heap), \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">new<\/code>, \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0423\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u0447\u0435\u00bb \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u0447\u0435 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0430 JIT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0430 \u0443 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">CopyDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432: \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;      <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">99<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"a = \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\", b = \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432: \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;    <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">99<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"x[0] = \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\", y[0] = \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430: \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 String \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">s<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"Java\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">s<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\" 25\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;  <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, s \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"s = \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">s<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\", t = \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">a = 10, b = 99\nx[0] = 99, y[0] = 99\ns = Java, t = Java 25\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">b = a<\/code> \u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a<\/code> \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c 10. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">y = x<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432, \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">y<\/code> \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">x<\/code>. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">s<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430: Java \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0432 Java \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c, \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 (JLS) \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0422\u0438\u043f<\/th>\n<th>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th>\n<th>\u0414\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d<\/th>\n<th>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/th>\n<th>\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">byte<\/code><\/td>\n<td>8 \u0431\u0438\u0442<\/td>\n<td>-128 &#8230; 127<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">(byte) 10<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">10<\/code> \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">short<\/code><\/td>\n<td>16 \u0431\u0438\u0442<\/td>\n<td>-32 768 &#8230; 32 767<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1000<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code><\/td>\n<td>32 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<td>-2 147 483 648 &#8230; 2 147 483 647<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">42<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1_000_000<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">long<\/code><\/td>\n<td>64 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u00b19,22 * 10^18<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0L<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">42L<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">float<\/code><\/td>\n<td>32 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u00b13,4 * 10^38, 6-7 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0.0f<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">3.14f<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">double<\/code><\/td>\n<td>64 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u00b11,8 * 10^308, 15-17 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0.0d<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">3.14<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">char<\/code><\/td>\n<td>16 \u0431\u0438\u0442<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">'\\u0000'<\/code> &#8230; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">'\\uffff'<\/code> (0 &#8230; 65 535)<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">'\\u0000'<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">'A'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">boolean<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d JLS<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true<\/code> \/ <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0414\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">char<\/code> \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 UTF-16, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u00ab\u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u00bb: \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0438 \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">char<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">NoInit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435: \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 0<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435-\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430: \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e null<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\" \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">local<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">local<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">NoInit.java:8: error: variable local might not have been initialized\n        System.out.println(local);\n                           ^\n1 error\nerror: compilation failed\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int local = 0;<\/code>. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0 null<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b: \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438, \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n<p>\u0423 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Numbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">max<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Integer<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">MAX_VALUE<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">max<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);              <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 int<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">long<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">max<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);       <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e long \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0.1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0.2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);            <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u044c<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);              <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">nan<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">nan<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\" \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">nan<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">nan<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\" \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">isNaN<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">nan<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">byte<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">small<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">byte<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">200<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;                  <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">small<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">char<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'A'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);                <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ char \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">char<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\" \"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Math<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">addExact<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">max<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">-2147483648\n2147483648\n0.30000000000000004\nInfinity\n-Infinity\nNaN false true\n-56\n66\nB\n3 3.5\nException in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.ArithmeticException: integer overflow\n    at java.base\/java.lang.Math.addExact(Math.java:915)\n    at Numbers.main(Numbers.java:17)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430 \u00ab\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f\u00bb \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Math.addExact<\/code> \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 &#8212; \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ArithmeticException<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">float<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">double<\/code> \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 0.1 + 0.2 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e 0.3 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">BigDecimal<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0435\u043a \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">long<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Infinity<\/code>, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">0.0 \/ 0<\/code> &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">NaN<\/code>. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">NaN<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Double.isNaN<\/code>. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">1 \/ 0<\/code>) \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ArithmeticException<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">7 \/ 2<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 3: \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c 3.5, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432: \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b (\u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String<\/code> \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438), \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b, \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">enum<\/code> \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">record<\/code>. \u0423 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code>, \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">equals<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Strings<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"otus\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"otus\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"otus\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);        <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043e\u0431\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 - \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);        <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">input<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">util<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Scanner<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"otus\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">).<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">next<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">();<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">input<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">input<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">true\nfalse\ntrue\nfalse\ntrue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a == b<\/code> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b (\u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438), &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">equals<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441-\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Byte<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Short<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Long<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Float<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Double<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Character<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Boolean<\/code>. \u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f, \u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">java.util.List<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Generic<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">List<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">numbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">List<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">Generic.java:5: error: unexpected type\n        List&lt;int&gt; numbers = List.of(1, 2, 3);\n             ^\n  required: reference\n  found:    int\n1 error\nerror: compilation failed\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">List&lt;Integer&gt;<\/code>. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code> \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (autoboxing, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> -&gt; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code>) \u0438 <strong>\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (unboxing, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code> -&gt; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>). \u0423 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">java.util.ArrayList<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">java.util.List<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Boxing<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">[]<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">List<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Integer<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">scores<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ArrayList<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">();<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">scores<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">add<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);                 <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 int -&gt; Integer<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">scores<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">get<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);     <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Integer -&gt; int<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Integer<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">127<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">127<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Integer<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">128<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">128<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);       <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043a\u044d\u0448 -128..127<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);       <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));  <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Integer<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">missing<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">null<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">missing<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;           <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 null<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">10\ntrue\nfalse\ntrue\nException in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke &quot;java.lang.Integer.intValue()&quot; because &quot;&lt;local7&gt;&quot; is null\n    at Boxing.main(Boxing.java:18)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 -128 \u0434\u043e 127 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 127 == 127 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true<\/code>, \u0430 128 == 128 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code>. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0439 JVM, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435: \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">equals<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code>. \u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code> (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Map.get<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447), \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">NullPointerException<\/code>. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;local7&gt;<\/code>, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">java Boxing.java<\/code> \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438; \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">javac -g<\/code> \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\"missing\"<\/code>. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code> \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">map.getOrDefault(key, 0)<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a, \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0435<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0437\u0430 2,1 \u043c\u043b\u0440\u0434 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">long<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">long<\/code><\/td>\n<td>&#8212;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0414\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">double<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">float<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">BigDecimal<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">long<\/code> \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/td>\n<td>&#8212;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0424\u043b\u0430\u0433 \u0434\u0430\/\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">boolean<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u00bb &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Boolean<\/code> \u0441 \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0435\u043a \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">StringBuilder<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Long<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Double<\/code><\/td>\n<td>&#8212;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">var<\/code> (\u0441 Java 10) \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">var n = 5;<\/code> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">var list = new ArrayList&lt;String&gt;();<\/code> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ArrayList&lt;String&gt;<\/code>. \u041f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 &#8212; \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 <a href=\"\/journal\/vse-o-peremennyh-v-dzhave-tip-char\/\">\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0435 char \u0432 Java<\/a>, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443 &#8212; \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 <a href=\"\/journal\/dannye-i-peremennye-v-programmirovanii\/\">\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0412 Java \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">byte<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">short<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">long<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">float<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">double<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">char<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">boolean<\/code>; \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String<\/code>, &#8212; \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c; \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442.<\/li>\n<li>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">double<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">equals<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>; \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code> \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">NullPointerException<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u041a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> \u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code> \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u043d\u0430 Java: \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 JPA, \u0433\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code> \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code> \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u00bb. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u041e\u041e\u041f \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/java-basic\/?int_article=peremennye-v-dzhave-tipy-i-ih-osobennosti&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u00abJava \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb<\/a>. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=peremennye-v-dzhave-tipy-i-ih-osobennosti&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u042f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043c?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442. <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">String<\/code> &#8212; \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">boolean<\/code>?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442. \u0412 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">boolean[]<\/code> HotSpot \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 1 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 JVM \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code> \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Integer<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">OptionalInt<\/code>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 Java \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439: \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 &#8212; \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, true\/false), \u0443 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 &#8212; \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 null. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441: \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u00ab\u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b, \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439, \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u00bb \u043a \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":2641,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[75],"class_list":["post-2640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-java"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0432 Java \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435: 8 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. 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