{"id":1901,"date":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=1901"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:31:28","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:31:28","slug":"c-i-c-znakomstvo-s-operatornoj-peregruzkoj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/c-i-c-znakomstvo-s-operatornoj-peregruzkoj\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 C#: \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e operator \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 C++"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 C#<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">public static<\/code> \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">operator<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*<\/code> \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a + b<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 operator \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f: implicit \u0438 explicit<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">++, checked \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432 C# 14<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">C# \u0438 C++: \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s11\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit<\/code>) &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e; \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong> &#8212; \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438; \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">op_Addition<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">op_Equality<\/code>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 .NET SDK 10.0.401 (C# 14) 24.09.2026, \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440: \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0441 top-level statements.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 +<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);             <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 -<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 * \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e * \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">6.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);            <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ implicit: \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436 -&gt; Vector2<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">len<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;            <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ explicit: Vector2 -&gt; double (\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">len<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;                               <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 ++ \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">readonly<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">struct<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> : <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">IEquatable<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">get<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">get<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) { <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; }<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">k<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">k<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">k<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">k<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">k<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">implicit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">explicit<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Math<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Sqrt<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">Equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">other<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">other<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">other<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">Equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">object?<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">obj<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">obj<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Vector2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Equals<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">v<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">GetHashCode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HashCode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Combine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">X<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">ToString<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">$\"({X}; {Y})\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a: \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0434\u0432\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">True<\/code>, \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0430, \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 (3; 4), \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f 5, \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">(4; 6)\n(-1; -2)\n(2; 4)\n(2; 4)\nTrue\nTrue\n(5; 6)\n5\n(2; 3)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 operator \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">public static &lt;\u0442\u0438\u043f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430&gt; operator &lt;\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b&gt;(&lt;\u0442\u0438\u043f1&gt; \u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439, &lt;\u0442\u0438\u043f2&gt; \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439)<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e &#8212; \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043e &#8212; \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">public static<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b.<\/strong> \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 C# 14 &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+=<\/code> \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">--<\/code> (\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043c.<\/strong> \u041d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">decimal<\/code> \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">error CS0563: One of the parameters of a binary operator must be the containing type<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d.<\/strong> <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a * 2<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">2 * a<\/code> &#8212; \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">*<\/code>. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0443.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 &#8212; \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439.<\/strong> <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">bool<\/code>, \u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0414\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">readonly struct<\/code> \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 &#8212; \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f.<\/strong> <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a + b * c<\/code> \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">**<\/code>) \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0423\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+ - ! ~ ++ --<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true false<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">--<\/code> \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0411\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+ - * \/ % &amp; &#124; ^ &lt;&lt; &gt;&gt; &gt;&gt;&gt;<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&gt;&gt;&gt;<\/code> &#8212; \u0441 C# 11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">== !=<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt; &gt;<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;= &gt;=<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+= -= *=<\/code> \u0438 \u0442.\u043f.<\/td>\n<td>\u0434\u043e C# 14 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code>; \u0441 C# 14 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;&amp; &#124;&#124;<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">=<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">.<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">?:<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">??<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">[]<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">()<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;&amp;<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true\/false<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">[]<\/code> &#8212; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit\/explicit<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;&amp;<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">||<\/code> \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">|<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;&amp;<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">||<\/code> \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false &amp;&amp; ...<\/code> \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/h2>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">!=<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Money<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Money<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">readonly<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">struct<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Money<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">decimal<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Amount<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">get<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">Money<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">decimal<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">amount<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Amount<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">amount<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Money<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Money<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Amount<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Amount<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Equals<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">GetHashCode<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">error CS0216: The operator &#x27;Money.operator ==(Money, Money)&#x27; requires a matching operator &#x27;!=&#x27; to also be defined\nwarning CS0660: &#x27;Money&#x27; defines operator == or operator != but does not override Object.Equals(object o)\nwarning CS0661: &#x27;Money&#x27; defines operator == or operator != but does not override Object.GetHashCode()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Vector2<\/code>: \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">!=<\/code>, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Equals(object)<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">GetHashCode()<\/code> \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IEquatable&lt;T&gt;<\/code>. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Dictionary<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">HashSet<\/code> \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Equals<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">GetHashCode<\/code>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0448 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>, \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">record struct<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">record<\/code>: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">!=<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Equals<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">GetHashCode<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">== null<\/code> \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 (\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432) \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code> \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0448\u044c:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Node<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">?<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Node<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">?<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">null<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">null<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430: \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">not<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">null<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&amp;&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">l == null<\/code> \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">operator ==<\/code>, \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f &#8212; \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">Stack overflow.\nRepeated 130981 times:\n--------------------------------\n   at Node.op_Equality(Node, Node)\n--------------------------------\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">if (l is null) return r is null;<\/code>: \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">is null<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">True<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f: implicit \u0438 explicit<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">public static<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit operator Vector2(...)<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit operator double(...)<\/code>. \u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 &#8212; \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443: \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0412\u0438\u0434<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Vector2 c = (5.0, 6.0);<\/code> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">(double)b<\/code> \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e (\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 -&gt; \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit<\/code>, \u043d\u0435\u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Temperature<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">36.6m<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">decimal<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">d<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">t<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;          <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ \u043d\u0435\u0442 implicit-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">error CS0266: Cannot implicitly convert type &#x27;Temperature&#x27; to &#x27;decimal&#x27;. An explicit conversion exists (are you missing a cast?)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">decimal d = (decimal)t;<\/code>. \u0414\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u044f\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442: \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit<\/code> \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">++, checked \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432 C# 14<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/strong> \u0412 C# \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">operator ++<\/code> \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443: \u043e\u043d \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c (\u0434\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435). \u0424\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 C++, \u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<p><strong>checked-\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b (C# 11).<\/strong> \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438: \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">operator checked +<\/code>. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">checked(...)<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">unchecked<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">checked<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Counter<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">checked<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">l<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Value<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Counter(int.MaxValue) + Counter(1)<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-2147483648<\/code>, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">checked(...)<\/code> \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">OverflowException<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b (C# 14).<\/strong> \u0420\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">x += y<\/code> \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">x = x + y<\/code>, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">buf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Accumulator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">();<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">buf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">buf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Console<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">buf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Total<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">);   <\/span><span style=\"color: #7F848E\">\/\/ 15<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Accumulator<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Total<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">get<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">set<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Total<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">--<\/code> \u0438\u0437 C# 14 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">public void operator ++()<\/code>), \u043d\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">static<\/code> \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">void<\/code>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Vector2<\/code> \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+=<\/code> \u043f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">C# \u0438 C++: \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0432 C++ &#8212; \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430; \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0410\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/th>\n<th>C#<\/th>\n<th>C++<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">public static<\/code> \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 (\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 C# 14)<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">=<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f (\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">[]<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">()<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-&gt;<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044b; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-&gt;<\/code> \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">++<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;&amp;<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&#124;&#124;<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&#124;<\/code> + <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">true<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">false<\/code>, \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e, \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">!=<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&gt;<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;=<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&gt;=<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b; \u0441 C++20 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;=&gt;<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit operator T<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">operator T()<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit<\/code> &#8212; \u043f\u043e \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">new<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">delete<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435: C# \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c, \u0430 C++ \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430: \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0435, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044b. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">order + customer<\/code>, \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0432 .NET 7+ \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b generic math (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">IAdditionOperators&lt;TSelf, TOther, TResult&gt;<\/code> \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435): \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445, \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">int<\/code>, \u0438 \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Vector2<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 C# &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">public static<\/code> \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">operator<\/code>, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 &#8212; \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0442\u0438\u043f.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">!=<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&gt;<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&lt;=<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&gt;=<\/code> \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438; \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Equals<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">GetHashCode<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit<\/code> &#8212; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044c, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit<\/code> &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">null<\/code> \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">is null<\/code>, \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 C++, \u0432 C# \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">=<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">[]<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">new<\/code>; \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">&amp;&amp;<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">||<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u0441 C# 14 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430\u0445 (\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432 Unity), \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u043e C# \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Equals<\/code>\/<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">GetHashCode<\/code> \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">implicit<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">explicit<\/code>. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a, generic math \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/csharp-professional\/?int_article=c-i-c-znakomstvo-s-operatornoj-peregruzkoj&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u00abC#-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb<\/a>, \u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e .NET &#8212; \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=c-i-c-znakomstvo-s-operatornoj-peregruzkoj&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s11\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0430, \u0441 C# 11 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">static abstract<\/code> \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b generic math \u0432 .NET 7 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c virtual?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0444\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Equals<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0437 VB.NET \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u044e?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">op_Addition<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">+<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">op_Equality<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">==<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">op_Implicit<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">op_Explicit<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. VB.NET \u0438 F# \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">a + b<\/code>, \u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0449\u0443\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u044e (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">typeof(Vector2).GetMethod(\"op_Addition\")<\/code>) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 C# &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 public static \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c operator, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 +, ==, * \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 a + b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 operator \u043f\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":1902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[91,81,20],"class_list":["post-1901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-c-3","tag-c-2","tag-c"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 C#: public static operator, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 == \u0438 !=, implicit \u0438 explicit, ++ \u0438 checked, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432 C# 14 \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 C++.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. 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\\u043e\\u0442\\u043b\\u0438\\u0447\\u0430\\u0435\\u0442\\u0441\\u044f \\u043e\\u0442 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