{"id":10303,"date":"2026-09-19T05:56:44","date_gmt":"2026-09-19T05:56:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=10303"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:42:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:42:50","slug":"vvedenie-v-django-opisanie-frejmvorka-i-ego-osobennosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/vvedenie-v-django-opisanie-frejmvorka-i-ego-osobennosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Django: \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 MTV, ORM \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Django<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a \u043d\u0430 Python \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041e\u043d \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ORM, \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e HTML, \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 &#8212; \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f. \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 &#8212; \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 Django, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e MVC, \u0438\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f Django<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 MTV, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 MVC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u0418\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">ORM \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c Django<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s9\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s10\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s11\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f Django<\/h2>\n<p>\u0424\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 2003-2005 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442\u044b Lawrence Journal-World \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b &#8212; \u0410\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d \u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0439 (Adrian Holovaty) \u0438 \u0421\u0430\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0423\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043d (Simon Willison). \u0412 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u0435 2005 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043f\u043e\u0434 BSD-\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0436\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442\u0430. \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 Django Software Foundation.<\/p>\n<p>Django \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432 8 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 LTS (long-term support) \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 &#8212; \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 3 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e 16 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0443 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2026 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f &#8212; Django 5.2 (\u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2028) &#8212; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 MTV, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 MVC<\/h2>\n<p>Django \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 MVC-\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c <strong>MTV<\/strong> (Model-Template-View), \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 &#8212; \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 MVC<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442 Django<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 Django<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Model<\/td>\n<td>Model<\/td>\n<td>\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ORM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>View<\/td>\n<td>Template<\/td>\n<td>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; HTML-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Controller<\/td>\n<td>View<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c, \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430: \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 MVC \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f View (\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f), \u0432 Django \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Template. \u0410 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 MVC \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Controller (\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430), \u0432 Django \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f View. \u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Django \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u00abview\u00bb \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u00bb, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u00bb \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445 MVC. Django \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u043a MTV, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c Controller \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a &#8212; \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 URL, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 view.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u0418\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 Django &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 (apps), \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c (\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433, \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f). \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>URL-\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044b<\/strong> (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">urls.py<\/code>) &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>View<\/strong> &#8212; \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Model<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 Python \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ORM (Object-Relational Mapping).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Template<\/strong> &#8212; HTML-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 Django \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong> &#8212; \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e SQL.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442: \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d-\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, middleware \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 CSRF \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u00ab\u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438\u00bb &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 Django \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 (batteries included).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">ORM \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 Python:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># blog\/models.py<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">django.db<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">models<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Post<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">models<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Model<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">title<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">models<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">CharField<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">max_length<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">200<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">body<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">models<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">TextField<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">created_at<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">models<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">DateTimeField<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">auto_now_add<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">True<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2; font-weight: bold\">__str__<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">title<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">python<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>manage.py<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>makemigrations<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>blog\npython<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>manage.py<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>migrate<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">INSTALLED_APPS<\/code> \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">settings.py<\/code>. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">makemigrations<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">No changes detected\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">'blog'<\/code> \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">INSTALLED_APPS<\/code> \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">makemigrations<\/code>. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">migrate<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e SQLite).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># blog\/views.py<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">django.http<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HttpResponse<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">.models<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Post<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">post_list<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">request<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">posts<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Post<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">objects<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">order_by<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'-created_at'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">titles<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">title<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">in<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">posts<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">]<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HttpResponse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'&lt;br&gt;'<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">join<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">titles<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">or<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">'\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># blog\/urls.py<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">django.urls<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">views<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urlpatterns<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'posts\/'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">views<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">post_list<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">'post_list'<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">),<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">]<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">python manage.py runserver<\/code> \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/posts\/<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u00ab\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442\u00bb &#8212; \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Post<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d-\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># blog\/admin.py<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">django.contrib<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">admin<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">.models<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Post<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">admin<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">site<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">register<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Post<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0423\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 (\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 &#8212; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e):<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">python<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>manage.py<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span>createsuperuser<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d, e-mail \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">\/admin\/<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Post<\/code> &#8212; \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e HTML \u0438\u043b\u0438 JavaScript.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u041f\u043b\u044e\u0441<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n<td>ORM, \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 &#8212; \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e CRUD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0413\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 CSRF, SQL-\u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ORM, XSS-\u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 apps, \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0417\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 (DRF, django-allauth \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (ORM, \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440) \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e ORM \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e<\/td>\n<td>URL-\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0439 &#8212; \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ORM \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447<\/td>\n<td>ORM Django \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 SQL-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">raw()<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 SQL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0410\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 async view (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">async def<\/code> \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">def<\/code>) \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3.1, \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b ORM (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">aget<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">acreate<\/code> \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435) &#8212; \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 4.1; \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f &#8212; \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432 release notes \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0423\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00abDjango \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u00bb \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e: \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c WSGI\/ASGI-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 Django \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3.1 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f async view \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u0443\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 API), \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 4.1 \u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b ORM.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c Django<\/h2>\n<p>Django \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 &#8212; \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b: \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 CRM, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438, SaaS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e REST\/GraphQL API \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 Django \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443 Django REST Framework &#8212; \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 Django \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 full-stack \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 JSON.<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0445\u0443\u043a\u0430) \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c Django \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 &#8212; \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 Flask \u0438\u043b\u0438 FastAPI. \u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e Django \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b &#8212; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430 Python.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s9\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Django &#8212; \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 Python-\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a \u0441 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 ORM, \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f MTV (Model-Template-View), \u0430 \u043d\u0435 MVC: Template \u0432 Django &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 MVC, \u0430 View &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 (\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 Controller).<\/li>\n<li>\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 &#8212; \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, view, \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442 &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e SQL \u0438 HTML \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439 (\u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u00ab\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 ORM\u00bb) \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f\u043c &#8212; \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 view \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441 3.1, \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b ORM &#8212; \u0441 4.1, ORM \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n<li>Django \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s10\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 MTV, ORM \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/django\/?int_article=vvedenie-v-django-opisanie-frejmvorka-i-ego-osobennosti&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">Django<\/a> &#8212; \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u044f. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e Django &#8212; \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=vvedenie-v-django-opisanie-frejmvorka-i-ego-osobennosti&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 Otus<\/a> \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s11\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Django &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0424\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a: \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u043a\u043e\u0434, Django \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u043a\u043e\u0434 (\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438, view) \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 Django \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e API, \u0431\u0435\u0437 HTML-\u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443 Django REST Framework \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 Django &#8212; \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 full-stack \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 JSON.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c SQL, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 Django \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 ORM?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0430: ORM \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 SQL \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">EXPLAIN<\/code> \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">raw()<\/code>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 ORM \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Django &#8212; 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