{"id":10085,"date":"2026-09-23T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/?p=10085"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:33:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T15:33:07","slug":"vse-ob-interfejsah-ot-a-do-ya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otus.ru\/journal\/vse-ob-interfejsah-ot-a-do-ya\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441: \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 &#8212; \u043e\u0442 GUI \u0434\u043e API \u0438 USB"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/strong> &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u00bb \u0432 IT \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0438: <strong>\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/strong> (\u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440: \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430), <strong>\u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/strong> (\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e &#8212; \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e: USB, HDMI, Ethernet) \u0438 <strong>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/strong>, \u043e\u043d \u0436\u0435 <strong>API<\/strong> (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430). \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 &#8212; \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441.<\/p>\n<div class=\"oj-toc\" style=\"background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:8px;padding:14px 20px;margin:20px 0\">\n<p><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u0422\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u0432: \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441: GUI, CLI \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u0410\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 (API): \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f &#8212; \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432 \u041e\u041e\u041f: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 &#8212; \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f, \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 Python. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 Python 3.14.7 (23.09.2026).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">\u0422\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u0432: \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432: \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0412\u0438\u0434<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u043a\u0435\u043c<\/th>\n<th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b<\/th>\n<th>\u041e \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 (UI)<\/td>\n<td>\u0427\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u041e\u043a\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438 (GUI), \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 (CLI), \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0447\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0410\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n<td>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e &#8212; \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/td>\n<td>USB, HDMI, DisplayPort, SATA, PCI Express, Ethernet, Bluetooth<\/td>\n<td>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 (API)<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b \u041e\u0421, API \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, HTTP API \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b, \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432 \u041e\u041e\u041f<\/td>\n<td>\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td><code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">interface<\/code> \u0432 Java \u0438 C#, \u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0432 Python<\/td>\n<td>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0422\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442. <strong>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c<\/strong> &#8212; \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 (USB-C, RJ-45). <strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b<\/strong> &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 (USB 3.2, HTTP). <strong>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/strong> &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c USB-C \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b: USB, DisplayPort, Thunderbolt.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441: GUI, CLI \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 (UI, user interface)<\/strong> &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442. \u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 <strong>UX (user experience)<\/strong> &#8212; \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443. UI &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, UX &#8212; \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0422\u0438\u043f<\/th>\n<th>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/th>\n<th>\u0421\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>GUI (\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439)<\/td>\n<td>\u041e\u043a\u043d\u0430, \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e, \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u041b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c: \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CLI (\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430)<\/td>\n<td>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">dir<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ls<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ping<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TUI (\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439)<\/td>\n<td>\u041c\u0435\u043d\u044e \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">htop<\/code>, Midnight Commander<\/td>\n<td>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e SSH, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432<\/td>\n<td>\u0411\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c GUI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n<td>\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0439\u043f\u044b \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0447\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u0415\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435, \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>CLI \u0438 TUI \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f: \u0432 CLI \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, TUI \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0448\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u043c\u044b\u0448\u044c, \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d &#8212; \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b, \u0430 <strong>\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong>, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">\u0410\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0410\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/strong> \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0431\u0443\u043a \u0441 \u0444\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0439. \u0412\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b (PCI Express, SATA, M.2), \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/th>\n<th>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>USB<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0444\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: USB 2.0 &#8212; \u0434\u043e 480 \u041c\u0431\u0438\u0442\/\u0441, USB 3.2 Gen 1 &#8212; \u0434\u043e 5 \u0413\u0431\u0438\u0442\/\u0441, USB4 &#8212; \u0434\u043e 40 \u0413\u0431\u0438\u0442\/\u0441<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HDMI<\/td>\n<td>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 HDMI \u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>DisplayPort<\/td>\n<td>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 USB-C (\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c DisplayPort Alt Mode), \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SATA<\/td>\n<td>\u0416\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 SATA SSD<\/td>\n<td>SATA III &#8212; \u0434\u043e 6 \u0413\u0431\u0438\u0442\/\u0441, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 NVMe-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 PCI Express<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PCI Express<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b, NVMe SSD, \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0439 (x1, x4, x16)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b; \u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c: \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Windows: \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u00bb (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">devmgmt.msc<\/code>) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 PowerShell <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Get-PnpDevice -PresentOnly<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432; \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b &#8212; <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">Get-NetAdapter<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>Linux: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">lsusb<\/code> &#8212; \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 USB, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">lspci<\/code> &#8212; \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 PCI Express, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ip link<\/code> &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b.<\/li>\n<li>macOS: \u00ab\u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435\u00bb \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">system_profiler SPUSBDataType<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u0412 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0445 Debian \u0438 Ubuntu <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">lsusb<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">lspci<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">usbutils<\/code> \u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">pciutils<\/code>).<\/p>\n<h3>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442: \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/th>\n<th>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 USB-C \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0443, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0431\u0443\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a DisplayPort \u0438\u043b\u0438 Thunderbolt \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430, \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0424\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n<td>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044e USB 2.0<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 60 \u0413\u0446 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f HDMI \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u041e\u0421<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u041d\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u00bb \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">lsusb<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 (API): \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f &#8212; \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430<\/h2>\n<p><strong>API (application programming interface)<\/strong> &#8212; \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439: \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0412\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u00bb: \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0443 Python-\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443 (API \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f), \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 (HTTP API) \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 (CLI).<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># converter.py<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">argparse<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">json<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">math<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">http.server<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BaseHTTPRequestHandler<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HTTPServer<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urllib.parse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">parse_qs<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urlparse<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 1. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 (API \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f): \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">c_to_f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">celsius<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">float<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-&gt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">float<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u044b \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0424\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0433\u0435\u0439\u0442\u044b.\"\"\"<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">not<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">math<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">isfinite<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">celsius<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">or<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">celsius<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">&lt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">273.15<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">raise<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">round<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">celsius<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">*<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">9<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">\/<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">5<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">+<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">32<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 2. HTTP API: \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Handler<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">BaseHTTPRequestHandler<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">do_GET<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">url<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urlparse<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">url<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">path<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">!=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\/convert\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">404<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"error\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"not found\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">})<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">float<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">parse_qs<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">url<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">query<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)[<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"c\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">][<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">])<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">200<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"c\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"f\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c_to_f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)})<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">except<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">KeyError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ValueError<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D19A66\">400<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"error\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"bad input: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">})<\/span>\n\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">reply<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">code<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">body<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">json<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">dumps<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">body<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ensure_ascii<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">False<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">encode<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">send_response<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">code<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">send_header<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"Content-Type\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"application\/json; charset=utf-8\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">send_header<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"Content-Length\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">str<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">len<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)))<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">end_headers<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">wfile<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">write<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># 3. \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 (CLI) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">__name__<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">==<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"__main__\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">argparse<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ArgumentParser<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">description<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u0439 -&gt; \u0424\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0433\u0435\u0439\u0442\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">add_argument<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"celsius\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">nargs<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"?\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">type<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">float<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">add_argument<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"--serve\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">action<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"store_true\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">help<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c HTTP API\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">=<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">parse_args<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">if<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">serve<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441: \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HTTPServer<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"127.0.0.1\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #D19A66\">8000<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">),<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Handler<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">serve_forever<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">elif<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">celsius<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">is<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">None<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">error<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 --serve\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">c_to_f<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">celsius<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 CLI: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">python converter.py 36.6<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">97.88<\/code>, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0443 argparse:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">usage: converter.py [-h] [--serve] [celsius]\nconverter.py: error: \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 --serve\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 API \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f: <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">python -c \"import converter; print(converter.c_to_f(-40))\"<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">-40.0<\/code>. \u0418\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 CLI, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">if __name__ == \"__main__\"<\/code> \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 HTTP API: \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">python converter.py --serve<\/code>, \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c &#8212; \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># client.py<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">json<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urllib.error<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HTTPError<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urllib.request<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urlopen<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">query<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">in<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"c=100\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"c=abc\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"c=-300\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">]:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">with<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">urlopen<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/convert?{<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">query<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n            <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">status<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">json<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">load<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">r<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">except<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">HTTPError<\/span> <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">as<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">code<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">json<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">load<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">200 {&#x27;c&#x27;: 100.0, &#x27;f&#x27;: 212.0}\n400 {&#x27;error&#x27;: &quot;bad input: could not convert string to float: &#x27;abc&#x27;&quot;}\n400 {&#x27;error&#x27;: &#x27;bad input: \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430&#x27;}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 API \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438: \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 400 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">127.0.0.1<\/code> &#8212; \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d.<\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">http.server<\/code> \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 API \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432 \u041e\u041e\u041f: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 <strong>\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u041a\u043e\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430: \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f SMS, \u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412 Java \u0438 C# \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">interface<\/code>, \u0432 Python &#8212; \u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">abc<\/code> (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">typing.Protocol<\/code>).<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">abc<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #C678DD\">import<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ABC<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">abstractmethod<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">Notifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">ABC<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\"\"\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441: \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c send().\"\"\"<\/span>\n\n    <span style=\"color: #61AFEF\">@abstractmethod<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">send<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">str<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">str<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-&gt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">bool<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">...<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">EmailNotifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Notifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">send<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"email -&gt; {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">True<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">SmsNotifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Notifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">send<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"sms -&gt; {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">return<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">True<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">alert_all<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">notifiers<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">list<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Notifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">],<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">str<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">-&gt;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">None<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">for<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">n<\/span> <span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">in<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">notifiers<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">:<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">n<\/span><span style=\"color: #56B6C2\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">send<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"admin\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">alert_all<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">([<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">EmailNotifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(),<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">SmsNotifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()],<\/span> <span style=\"color: #98C379\">\"\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 95%\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">email -&gt; admin: \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 95%\nsms -&gt; admin: \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 95%\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">push<\/code> \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">send<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\"><span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># Notifier - \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #C678DD\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">PushNotifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">Notifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>\n    <span style=\"color: #C678DD\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #61AFEF; font-weight: bold\">push<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">):<\/span>  <span style=\"color: #7F848E\"># \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 - \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d<\/span>\n        <span style=\"color: #E5C07B\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">f\"push -&gt; {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E06C75\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #98C379\">}\"<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">)<\/span>\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #E06C75\">PushNotifier<\/span><span style=\"color: #ABB2BF\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre style=\"background:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\"><code style=\"background:none\">TypeError: Can&#x27;t instantiate abstract class PushNotifier without an implementation for abstract method &#x27;send&#x27;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">push<\/code> \u0432 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">send<\/code> \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438: Python \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 Java \u0438\u043b\u0438 C# \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0442 \u043e \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 &#8212; \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430; \u0432 IT \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 (\u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430), \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 (\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e &#8212; \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430) \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b.<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f: \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c USB-C \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c USB, DisplayPort \u0438 Thunderbolt.<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c: \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c.<\/li>\n<li>API \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430: \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 CLI, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0438 HTTP, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432 \u041e\u041e\u041f &#8212; \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432; Python \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430, Java \u0438 C# &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \/ \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oj-cta\" style=\"background:#fbf4e4;border-left:4px solid #c9962b;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0421 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438: \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 GUI \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e USB-C, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b \u0435\u0433\u043e API. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 &#8212; \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/lessons\/it-support-specialist\/?int_article=vse-ob-interfejsah-ot-a-do-ya&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/a>. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/otus.ru\/events\/?int_article=vse-ob-interfejsah-ot-a-do-ya&amp;int_place=article&amp;int_variant=v1\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 Otus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 (\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a). \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435: \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0414\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u041e\u0421 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c. \u041e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432 Linux?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c: \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">eth0<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">enp3s0<\/code>, <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">wlan0<\/code>) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f (<code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">lo<\/code>, \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b, VPN-\u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438). \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 <code style=\"background:#eef0f3;color:#24292f;border-radius:4px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:0.92em;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace\">ip link<\/code>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u0430 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HDMI, Ethernet) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043e\u043d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":10086,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-10085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-polza","tag-programmirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438: \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 (GUI, CLI), \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 (USB, HDMI) \u0438 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